Welfare possibili. Tra workfare e learnfare.

New social risks and new forms of vulnerability that emerge in contemporary European societies together with the individual willingness of autonomy and auto-determination change the needs of social protection. The “traditional” passive welfare state reveals its incapacity to face these transitions and gives way to a new model: the “active welfare state” which puts employment at the very centre of citizenship pact and considers lifelong learning one of its pillars. However, some critical aspects emerge. The book ponders on these aspects comparing four European active welfare regimes. Particularly, it analyses the role of lifelong learning within the activation policies (as welfare to work policies) of each country investigating if and how it can guarantee equal opportunities for all the citizens.