Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries

P. Sorokowski; A. Sorokowska; M. Karwowski; A. Groyecka; T. Aavik; G. Akello; C. Alm; N. Amjad; A. Anjum; K. Asao; C. S. Atama; D. Atamturk Duyar; R. Ayebare; C. Batres; M. Bendixen; A. Bensafia; B. Bizumic; M. Boussena; D. M. Buss; M. Butovskaya; S. Can; K. Cantarero; A. Carrier; H. Cetinkaya; D. Chabin; D. Conroy-Beam; I. Croy; R. M. Cueto; M. Czub; D. Dronova; S. Dural; I. Duyar; B. Ertugrul; A. Espinosa; I. Estevan; C. S. Esteves; T. Frackowiak; J. C. Graduno; F. Guemaz; T. Ha Thu; M. Halamova; I. Herak; M. Horvat; I. Hromatko; C. -M. Hui; J. L. Jaafar; F. Jiang; K. Kafetsios; T. Kavcic; L. E. O. Kennair; N. Kervyn; N. C. Kobis; A. Kostic; A. Krasnodebska; A. Lang; G. R. Lennard; E. Leon; T. Lindholm; Giulia Lopez; M. M. Alhabahba; A. Mailhos; Z. Manesi; R. Martinez; M. Sainz Martinez; S. L. Mckerchar; N. Mesko; G. Misra; C. Monaghan; E. C. Mora; A. Moya-Garofano; B. Musil; J. C. Natividade; G. Nizharadze; E. Oberzaucher; A. Oleszkiewicz; M. S. Omar Fauzee; I. E. Onyishi; B. Ozener; Ariela Francesca Pagani; V. Pakalniskiene; Miriam Parise; B. Pawlowski; F. Pazhoohi; M. Pejicic; A. Pisanski; K. Pisanski; N. Plohl; E. Ponciano; C. Popa; P. Prokop; A. Przepiorka; T. Quang Lam; M. Rizwan; J. Rozycka-Tran; S. Salkicevic; R. Sargautyte; I. Sarmany-Schuller; S. Schmehl; A. Shahid; R. Shaikh; S. Sharad; F. Simonetti; M. Tadinac; T. Thi Khanh Ha; K. Ugalde Gonzalez; C. -M. Vauclair; L. D. Vega; D. A. Widarini; B. Wojciszke; G. Yoo; Z. F. Zadeh; M. Zatkova; M. Zupancic; R. J. Sternberg

doi:10.1080/00224499.2020.1787318

Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries

P. Sorokowski, A. Sorokowska, M. Karwowski, A. Groyecka, T. Aavik, G. Akello, C. Alm, N. Amjad, A. Anjum, K. Asao, C. S. Atama, D. Atamturk Duyar, R. Ayebare, C. Batres, M. Bendixen, A. Bensafia, B. Bizumic, M. Boussena, D. M. Buss, M. ButovskayaS. Can, K. Cantarero, A. Carrier, H. Cetinkaya, D. Chabin, D. Conroy-Beam, I. Croy, R. M. Cueto, M. Czub, D. Dronova, S. Dural, I. Duyar, B. Ertugrul, A. Espinosa, I. Estevan, C. S. Esteves, T. Frackowiak, J. C. Graduno, F. Guemaz, T. Ha Thu, M. Halamova, I. Herak, M. Horvat, I. Hromatko, C. -M. Hui, J. L. Jaafar, F. Jiang, K. Kafetsios, T. Kavcic, L. E. O. Kennair, N. Kervyn, N. C. Kobis, A. Kostic, A. Krasnodebska, A. Lang, G. R. Lennard, E. Leon, T. Lindholm, Giulia Lopez, M. M. Alhabahba, A. Mailhos, Z. Manesi, R. Martinez, M. Sainz Martinez, S. L. Mckerchar, N. Mesko, G. Misra, C. Monaghan, E. C. Mora, A. Moya-Garofano, B. Musil, J. C. Natividade, G. Nizharadze, E. Oberzaucher, A. Oleszkiewicz, M. S. Omar Fauzee, I. E. Onyishi, B. Ozener, Ariela Francesca Pagani, V. Pakalniskiene, Miriam Parise, B. Pawlowski, F. Pazhoohi, M. Pejicic, A. Pisanski, K. Pisanski, N. Plohl, E. Ponciano, C. Popa, P. Prokop, A. Przepiorka, T. Quang Lam, M. Rizwan, J. Rozycka-Tran, S. Salkicevic, R. Sargautyte, I. Sarmany-Schuller, S. Schmehl, A. Shahid, R. Shaikh, S. Sharad, F. Simonetti, M. Tadinac, T. Thi Khanh Ha, K. Ugalde Gonzalez, C. -M. Vauclair, L. D. Vega, D. A. Widarini, B. Wojciszke, G. Yoo, Z. F. Zadeh, M. Zatkova, M. Zupancic, R. J. Sternberg

Risultato della ricerca: Contributo in rivista › Articolo in rivista › peer review

3 Citazioni (Scopus)

Abstract

The Triangular Theory of Love (measured with Sternberg’s Triangular Love Scale–STLS) is a prominent theoretical concept in empirical research on love. To expand the culturally homogeneous body of previous psychometric research regarding the STLS, we conducted a large-scale cross-cultural study with the use of this scale. In total, we examined more than 11,000 respondents, but as a result of applied exclusion criteria, the final analyses were based on a sample of 7332 participants from 25 countries (from all inhabited continents). We tested configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance, all of which confirmed the cultural universality of the theoretical construct of love analyzed in our study. We also observed that levels of love components differ depending on relationship duration, following the dynamics suggested in the Triangular Theory of Love. Supplementary files with all our data, including results on love intensity across different countries along with STLS versions adapted in a few dozen languages, will further enable more extensive research on the Triangular Theory of Love.

Lingua originale	English
pagine (da-a)	106-115
Numero di pagine	10
Rivista	THE JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH
Volume	58
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2020.1787318
Stato di pubblicazione	Pubblicato - 2021

Keywords

Cross-cultural study
Psychometric Properties
Triangular Love Scale

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10.1080/00224499.2020.1787318

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Sorokowski, P., Sorokowska, A., Karwowski, M., Groyecka, A., Aavik, T., Akello, G., Alm, C., Amjad, N., Anjum, A., Asao, K., Atama, C. S., Atamturk Duyar, D., Ayebare, R., Batres, C., Bendixen, M., Bensafia, A., Bizumic, B., Boussena, M., Buss, D. M., ... Sternberg, R. J. (2021). Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries. THE JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH, 58, 106-115. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2020.1787318

@article{7992d236cef2416595b349f40ac57d69,

title = "Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries",

abstract = "The Triangular Theory of Love (measured with Sternberg{\textquoteright}s Triangular Love Scale–STLS) is a prominent theoretical concept in empirical research on love. To expand the culturally homogeneous body of previous psychometric research regarding the STLS, we conducted a large-scale cross-cultural study with the use of this scale. In total, we examined more than 11,000 respondents, but as a result of applied exclusion criteria, the final analyses were based on a sample of 7332 participants from 25 countries (from all inhabited continents). We tested configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance, all of which confirmed the cultural universality of the theoretical construct of love analyzed in our study. We also observed that levels of love components differ depending on relationship duration, following the dynamics suggested in the Triangular Theory of Love. Supplementary files with all our data, including results on love intensity across different countries along with STLS versions adapted in a few dozen languages, will further enable more extensive research on the Triangular Theory of Love.",

keywords = "Cross-cultural study, Psychometric Properties, Triangular Love Scale, Cross-cultural study, Psychometric Properties, Triangular Love Scale",

author = "P. Sorokowski and A. Sorokowska and M. Karwowski and A. Groyecka and T. Aavik and G. Akello and C. Alm and N. Amjad and A. Anjum and K. Asao and Atama, {C. S.} and {Atamturk Duyar}, D. and R. Ayebare and C. Batres and M. Bendixen and A. Bensafia and B. Bizumic and M. Boussena and Buss, {D. M.} and M. Butovskaya and S. Can and K. Cantarero and A. Carrier and H. Cetinkaya and D. Chabin and D. Conroy-Beam and I. Croy and Cueto, {R. M.} and M. Czub and D. Dronova and S. Dural and I. Duyar and B. Ertugrul and A. Espinosa and I. Estevan and Esteves, {C. S.} and T. Frackowiak and Graduno, {J. C.} and F. Guemaz and {Ha Thu}, T. and M. Halamova and I. Herak and M. Horvat and I. Hromatko and Hui, {C. -M.} and Jaafar, {J. L.} and F. Jiang and K. Kafetsios and T. Kavcic and Kennair, {L. E. O.} and N. Kervyn and Kobis, {N. C.} and A. Kostic and A. Krasnodebska and A. Lang and Lennard, {G. R.} and E. Leon and T. Lindholm and Giulia Lopez and Alhabahba, {M. M.} and A. Mailhos and Z. Manesi and R. Martinez and {Sainz Martinez}, M. and Mckerchar, {S. L.} and N. Mesko and G. Misra and C. Monaghan and Mora, {E. C.} and A. Moya-Garofano and B. Musil and Natividade, {J. C.} and G. Nizharadze and E. Oberzaucher and A. Oleszkiewicz and {Omar Fauzee}, {M. S.} and Onyishi, {I. E.} and B. Ozener and Pagani, {Ariela Francesca} and V. Pakalniskiene and Miriam Parise and B. Pawlowski and F. Pazhoohi and M. Pejicic and A. Pisanski and K. Pisanski and N. Plohl and E. Ponciano and C. Popa and P. Prokop and A. Przepiorka and {Quang Lam}, T. and M. Rizwan and J. Rozycka-Tran and S. Salkicevic and R. Sargautyte and I. Sarmany-Schuller and S. Schmehl and A. Shahid and R. Shaikh and S. Sharad and F. Simonetti and M. Tadinac and {Thi Khanh Ha}, T. and {Ugalde Gonzalez}, K. and Vauclair, {C. -M.} and Vega, {L. D.} and Widarini, {D. A.} and B. Wojciszke and G. Yoo and Zadeh, {Z. F.} and M. Zatkova and M. Zupancic and Sternberg, {R. J.}",

year = "2021",

doi = "10.1080/00224499.2020.1787318",

language = "English",

volume = "58",

pages = "106--115",

journal = "THE JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH",

issn = "0022-4499",

publisher = "Society for Scientific Study of Sex:PO Box 416:Allentown, PA 18105:(610)530-2483, EMAIL: [email protected], INTERNET: http://www.sexscience.org, Fax: (610)530-2485",

}

Sorokowski, P, Sorokowska, A, Karwowski, M, Groyecka, A, Aavik, T, Akello, G, Alm, C, Amjad, N, Anjum, A, Asao, K, Atama, CS, Atamturk Duyar, D, Ayebare, R, Batres, C, Bendixen, M, Bensafia, A, Bizumic, B, Boussena, M, Buss, DM, Butovskaya, M, Can, S, Cantarero, K, Carrier, A, Cetinkaya, H, Chabin, D, Conroy-Beam, D, Croy, I, Cueto, RM, Czub, M, Dronova, D, Dural, S, Duyar, I, Ertugrul, B, Espinosa, A, Estevan, I, Esteves, CS, Frackowiak, T, Graduno, JC, Guemaz, F, Ha Thu, T, Halamova, M, Herak, I, Horvat, M, Hromatko, I, Hui, C-M, Jaafar, JL, Jiang, F, Kafetsios, K, Kavcic, T, Kennair, LEO, Kervyn, N, Kobis, NC, Kostic, A, Krasnodebska, A, Lang, A, Lennard, GR, Leon, E, Lindholm, T, Lopez, G, Alhabahba, MM, Mailhos, A, Manesi, Z, Martinez, R, Sainz Martinez, M, Mckerchar, SL, Mesko, N, Misra, G, Monaghan, C, Mora, EC, Moya-Garofano, A, Musil, B, Natividade, JC, Nizharadze, G, Oberzaucher, E, Oleszkiewicz, A, Omar Fauzee, MS, Onyishi, IE, Ozener, B, Pagani, AF, Pakalniskiene, V, Parise, M, Pawlowski, B, Pazhoohi, F, Pejicic, M, Pisanski, A, Pisanski, K, Plohl, N, Ponciano, E, Popa, C, Prokop, P, Przepiorka, A, Quang Lam, T, Rizwan, M, Rozycka-Tran, J, Salkicevic, S, Sargautyte, R, Sarmany-Schuller, I, Schmehl, S, Shahid, A, Shaikh, R, Sharad, S, Simonetti, F, Tadinac, M, Thi Khanh Ha, T, Ugalde Gonzalez, K, Vauclair, C-M, Vega, LD, Widarini, DA, Wojciszke, B, Yoo, G, Zadeh, ZF, Zatkova, M, Zupancic, M & Sternberg, RJ 2021, 'Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries', THE JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH, vol. 58, pagg. 106-115. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2020.1787318

TY - JOUR

T1 - Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries

AU - Sorokowski, P.

AU - Sorokowska, A.

AU - Karwowski, M.

AU - Groyecka, A.

AU - Aavik, T.

AU - Akello, G.

AU - Alm, C.

AU - Amjad, N.

AU - Anjum, A.

AU - Asao, K.

AU - Atama, C. S.

AU - Atamturk Duyar, D.

AU - Ayebare, R.

AU - Batres, C.

AU - Bendixen, M.

AU - Bensafia, A.

AU - Bizumic, B.

AU - Boussena, M.

AU - Buss, D. M.

AU - Butovskaya, M.

AU - Can, S.

AU - Cantarero, K.

AU - Carrier, A.

AU - Cetinkaya, H.

AU - Chabin, D.

AU - Conroy-Beam, D.

AU - Croy, I.

AU - Cueto, R. M.

AU - Czub, M.

AU - Dronova, D.

AU - Dural, S.

AU - Duyar, I.

AU - Ertugrul, B.

AU - Espinosa, A.

AU - Estevan, I.

AU - Esteves, C. S.

AU - Frackowiak, T.

AU - Graduno, J. C.

AU - Guemaz, F.

AU - Ha Thu, T.

AU - Halamova, M.

AU - Herak, I.

AU - Horvat, M.

AU - Hromatko, I.

AU - Hui, C. -M.

AU - Jaafar, J. L.

AU - Jiang, F.

AU - Kafetsios, K.

AU - Kavcic, T.

AU - Kennair, L. E. O.

AU - Kervyn, N.

AU - Kobis, N. C.

AU - Kostic, A.

AU - Krasnodebska, A.

AU - Lang, A.

AU - Lennard, G. R.

AU - Leon, E.

AU - Lindholm, T.

AU - Lopez, Giulia

AU - Alhabahba, M. M.

AU - Mailhos, A.

AU - Manesi, Z.

AU - Martinez, R.

AU - Sainz Martinez, M.

AU - Mckerchar, S. L.

AU - Mesko, N.

AU - Misra, G.

AU - Monaghan, C.

AU - Mora, E. C.

AU - Moya-Garofano, A.

AU - Musil, B.

AU - Natividade, J. C.

AU - Nizharadze, G.

AU - Oberzaucher, E.

AU - Oleszkiewicz, A.

AU - Omar Fauzee, M. S.

AU - Onyishi, I. E.

AU - Ozener, B.

AU - Pagani, Ariela Francesca

AU - Pakalniskiene, V.

AU - Parise, Miriam

AU - Pawlowski, B.

AU - Pazhoohi, F.

AU - Pejicic, M.

AU - Pisanski, A.

AU - Pisanski, K.

AU - Plohl, N.

AU - Ponciano, E.

AU - Popa, C.

AU - Prokop, P.

AU - Przepiorka, A.

AU - Quang Lam, T.

AU - Rizwan, M.

AU - Rozycka-Tran, J.

AU - Salkicevic, S.

AU - Sargautyte, R.

AU - Sarmany-Schuller, I.

AU - Schmehl, S.

AU - Shahid, A.

AU - Shaikh, R.

AU - Sharad, S.

AU - Simonetti, F.

AU - Tadinac, M.

AU - Thi Khanh Ha, T.

AU - Ugalde Gonzalez, K.

AU - Vauclair, C. -M.

AU - Vega, L. D.

AU - Widarini, D. A.

AU - Wojciszke, B.

AU - Yoo, G.

AU - Zadeh, Z. F.

AU - Zatkova, M.

AU - Zupancic, M.

AU - Sternberg, R. J.

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - The Triangular Theory of Love (measured with Sternberg’s Triangular Love Scale–STLS) is a prominent theoretical concept in empirical research on love. To expand the culturally homogeneous body of previous psychometric research regarding the STLS, we conducted a large-scale cross-cultural study with the use of this scale. In total, we examined more than 11,000 respondents, but as a result of applied exclusion criteria, the final analyses were based on a sample of 7332 participants from 25 countries (from all inhabited continents). We tested configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance, all of which confirmed the cultural universality of the theoretical construct of love analyzed in our study. We also observed that levels of love components differ depending on relationship duration, following the dynamics suggested in the Triangular Theory of Love. Supplementary files with all our data, including results on love intensity across different countries along with STLS versions adapted in a few dozen languages, will further enable more extensive research on the Triangular Theory of Love.

AB - The Triangular Theory of Love (measured with Sternberg’s Triangular Love Scale–STLS) is a prominent theoretical concept in empirical research on love. To expand the culturally homogeneous body of previous psychometric research regarding the STLS, we conducted a large-scale cross-cultural study with the use of this scale. In total, we examined more than 11,000 respondents, but as a result of applied exclusion criteria, the final analyses were based on a sample of 7332 participants from 25 countries (from all inhabited continents). We tested configural invariance, metric invariance, and scalar invariance, all of which confirmed the cultural universality of the theoretical construct of love analyzed in our study. We also observed that levels of love components differ depending on relationship duration, following the dynamics suggested in the Triangular Theory of Love. Supplementary files with all our data, including results on love intensity across different countries along with STLS versions adapted in a few dozen languages, will further enable more extensive research on the Triangular Theory of Love.

KW - Cross-cultural study

KW - Psychometric Properties

KW - Triangular Love Scale

KW - Cross-cultural study

KW - Psychometric Properties

KW - Triangular Love Scale

UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10807/177935

U2 - 10.1080/00224499.2020.1787318

DO - 10.1080/00224499.2020.1787318

M3 - Article

SN - 0022-4499

VL - 58

SP - 106

EP - 115

JO - THE JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH

JF - THE JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH

ER -

Universality of the Triangular Theory of Love: Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Triangular Love Scale in 25 Countries

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Keywords

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