The role of gut microbiota in the modulation of drug action: a focus on some clinically significant issues

Diego Curro'*

*Autore corrispondente per questo lavoro

Risultato della ricerca: Contributo in rivistaArticolopeer review

21 Citazioni (Scopus)

Abstract

Introduction: A healthy gut microbiota is necessary for the normal operation of several body functions, including gastrointestinal sensitivity and motility, lipid and glucid metabolism, immune surveillance, and host behavior. In addition, intestinal bacteria contribute to determining the pharmacological properties of several drugs by producing different drug metabolizing enzymes. Areas covered: Four enzymatic processes are discussed: prodrug activation; drug inactivation; drug deconjugation; and hydrolysis of natural glycosides with further metabolism of released aglycones. For each of these processes, a literature search has been undertaken on certain paradigmatic examples that have significant clinical implications: aminosalicylates and anthranoid laxatives; digoxin; irinotecan and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs); rutin, diosmin, and baicalin. Expert commentary: The modulation of certain reactions catalyzed by gut bacterial enzymes may offer new opportunities to improve the clinical efficacy of drugs such as aminosalicylates, and natural glycosides by increasing their metabolic transformation, and of digoxin by reducing its inactivation, or to decrease the lower intestinal toxicity of irinotecan, and NSAIDs by inhibiting the hydrolytic cleavage of their conjugates. Randomized clinical trials are awaited to clarify whether new intervention strategies may modulate these processes and provide clinical benefits such as improved therapeutic outcomes and drug safety profiles.
Lingua originaleInglese
pagine (da-a)171-183
Numero di pagine13
RivistaExpert Review of Clinical Pharmacology
Volume11
Numero di pubblicazione2
DOI
Stato di pubblicazionePubblicato - 2018

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Farmacologia, Tossicologia e Farmaceutica Generali
  • Farmacologia (medica)

Keywords

  • Animals
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome
  • Gastrointestinal Tract
  • Glycosides
  • Gut microbiota
  • Humans
  • NSAIDs
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations
  • Pharmacology
  • Pharmacology (medical)
  • Prodrugs
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (all)
  • aminosalicylates
  • baicalin
  • digoxin
  • drug metabolism
  • irinotecan
  • rutin

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