The effects of oral smokeless tobacco administration on endurance performance

Thomas Zandonai, Enrico Tam, Paolo Bruseghini, Fabio Pizzolato, Loretta Franceschi, Massimo Baraldo, Carlo Capelli, Paola Cesari, Cristiano Chiamulera

Risultato della ricerca: Contributo in rivistaArticolo in rivista

Abstract

Background: Smokeless tobacco is widely used by athletes to enhance performance. Nicotine is a central nervous system stimulant and acts on cardiocirculatory and metabolic systems, involving tissue blood flow and circulatory vasoreactivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the oral smokeless tobacco (Swedish snus (SS)) on the perception of fatigue and time to exhaustion (TTE) during moderate -intensity aerobic exercise.Methods: Fourteen healthy non-tobacco male users were recruited for a double-blind, controlled crossover design (SS vs. snus placebo (SP)). Subjects were tested for 3 sessions: experimental session 1 (Expl) consisted of an incremental test to determine the maximal aerobic power output (W-max), whereas Exp2 and Exp3 consisted of exercising at 65%W-max until exhaustion in SS or SP conditions. During Exp2 and Exp3, muscle and cerebral oxygenation was assessed by means of near-infrared spectroscopy, and the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded.Results: Comparing SS with SP tests, significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in the values of cerebral (similar to 3%) and muscular tissues oxygenation (similar to 4%) in the first 30 min of exercise. The RPE values were not significantly different between the 2 conditions (SS vs. SP). No significant difference was found in TTE (SS: 54.25 +/- 21.84 min; SP: 50.01 +/- 17.03 min).Conclusion: This study showed that muscular and cerebral oxygenation increased significantly with snus administration during an endurance exercise until exhaustion, but this did not affect fatigue perception and TTE. The results showed that snus could not be considered an ergogenic substance in non-tobacco users. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
Lingua originaleEnglish
pagine (da-a)465-472
Numero di pagine8
RivistaJournal of Sport and Health Science
Volume7
DOI
Stato di pubblicazionePubblicato - 2018

Keywords

  • Exercise endurance
  • Maximal aerobic power
  • Nicotine
  • RPE
  • Smokeless tobacco
  • Snus
  • Time to exhaustion
  • Tissue oxygenation

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