T-Cell Defects Associated to Lack of Spike-Specific Antibodies after BNT162b2 Full Immunization Followed by a Booster Dose in Patients with Common Variable Immune Deficiencies

Federica Pulvirenti, Stefano Di Cecca, Matilde Sinibaldi, Eva Piano Mortari, Sara Terreri, Christian Albano, Marika Guercio, Eleonora Sculco, Cinzia Milito, Simona Ferrari, Franco Locatelli, Concetta Quintarelli, Rita Carsetti, Isabella Quinti

Risultato della ricerca: Contributo in rivistaArticolo in rivista

Abstract

Following the third booster dose of the mRNA vaccine, Common Variable Immune Deficiencies (CVID) patients may not produce specific antibodies against the virus spike protein. The T-cell abnormalities associated with the absence of antibodies are still a matter of investigation. Spike-specific IgG and IgA, peripheral T cell subsets, CD40L and cytokine expression, and Spike-specific specific T-cells responses were evaluated in 47 CVID and 26 healthy donors after three doses of BNT162b2 vaccine. Testing was performed two weeks after the third vaccine dose. Thirty-six percent of the patients did not produce anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG or IgA antibodies. Non responder patients had lower peripheral blood lymphocyte counts, circulating naïve and central memory T-cells, low CD40L expression on the CD4+CD45+RO+ and CD8+CD45+RO+ T-cells, high frequencies of TNFα and IFNγ expressing CD8+ T-cells, and defective release of IFNγ and TNFα following stimulation with Spike peptides. Non responders had a more complex disease phenotype, with higher frequencies of structural lung damage and autoimmunity, especially autoimmune cytopenia. Thirty-five percent of them developed a SARS-CoV-2 infection after immunization in comparison to twenty percent of CVID who responded to immunization with antibodies production. CVID-associated T cell abnormalities contributed to the absence of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies after full immunization.
Lingua originaleEnglish
pagine (da-a)1-15
Numero di pagine15
RivistaCells
Volume11
DOI
Stato di pubblicazionePubblicato - 2022

Keywords

  • BNT162b2
  • COVID-19
  • Common Variable Immune Deficiencies
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • T-cells
  • antibody response
  • booster dose
  • memory B cells
  • spike protein
  • vaccine

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