Sustainable strategies in energy-intensive industries: a qualitative study

Frame of the research: Sustainability has emerged as a strategic lever, particularly crucial for energy-intensive companies in the upstream level of supply chains, addressing resource scarcity and complexity while upholding sustainability goals. \r\nPurpose of the paper: The study delves into how energy-intensive companies manage sustainable goals through circularity and supplier relationships. \r\nMethodology: The research employs a qualitative approach with multiple case studies, including semi-structured interviews, due to its exploratory nature. \r\nFindings: The results reveal that energy-intensive companies tackle sustainability challenges through product and process innovations, delineating four main approaches. Additionally, a conceptual matrix for sustainable strategies is developed. \r\nResearch limits: While a multiple case study offers insights, it is constrained by the number of actors involved. Increasing the number of interviews and collecting data from other actors alongside the supply chain would allow a broader perspective. Quantitative research could enhance result generalizability, and comparative analyses could spotlight cross-country similarities or differences, extending the analysis beyond Italy. \r\nPractical implications: Evidence from case studies offers valuable insights for practitioners and companies, helping them identify key sustainable approaches and strategies. The study outlines four main strategic pathways for energy-intensive companies, providing managers with a roadmap for integrating sustainability principles into their organizational practices. \r\nOriginality of the paper: The paper is one of the few exploring sustainable strategies for energy-intensive companies, focusing on product and process innovations. It enhances sustainability discipline and marketing practices, adding to circularity and business relationship literature. It offers empirical evidence, detailing four main approaches and strategies to strengthen sustainability commitments