TY - JOUR
T1 - Risk factors for head and neck cancer in young adults: a pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium
AU - Toporcov, Tatiana Natasha
AU - Znaor, Ariana
AU - Zhang, Zuo-Feng
AU - Yu, Guo-Pei
AU - Winn, Deborah M.
AU - Wei, Qingyi
AU - Vilensky, Marta
AU - Vaughan, Thomas
AU - Thomson, Peter
AU - Talamini, Renato
AU - Szeszenia-Dabrowska, Neonila
AU - Sturgis, Erich M.
AU - Smith, Elaine
AU - Shangina, Oxana
AU - Schwartz, Stephen M.
AU - Schantz, Stimson
AU - Rudnai, Peter
AU - Richiardi, Lorenzo
AU - Ramroth, Heribert
AU - Purdue, Mark P.
AU - Olshan, Andrew F.
AU - Eluf-Neto, José
AU - Muscat, Joshua
AU - Moyses, Raquel Ajub
AU - Morgenstern, Hal
AU - Menezes, Ana
AU - Mcclean, Michael
AU - Matsuo, Keitaro
AU - Mates, Dana
AU - Macfarlane, Tatiana V.
AU - Lissowska, Jolanta
AU - Levi, Fabio
AU - Lazarus, Philip
AU - Vecchia, Carlo La
AU - Lagiou, Pagona
AU - Koifman, Sergio
AU - Kjaerheim, Kristina
AU - Kelsey, Karl
AU - Holcatova, Ivana
AU - Herrero, Rolando
AU - Healy, Claire
AU - Hayes, Richard B.
AU - Franceschi, Silvia
AU - Fernandez, Leticia
AU - Fabianova, Eleonora
AU - Daudt, Alexander W.
AU - Curioni, Otávio Alberto
AU - Maso, Luigino Dal
AU - Curado, Maria Paula
AU - Conway, David I.
AU - Chen, Chu
AU - Castellsague, Xavier
AU - Cadoni, Gabriella
AU - Canova, Cristina
AU - Brennan, Paul
AU - Boccia, Stefania
AU - Antunes, José Leopoldo Ferreira
AU - Ahrens, Wolfgang
AU - Agudo, Antonio
AU - Boffetta, Paolo
AU - Hashibe, Mia
AU - Lee, Yuan-Chin Amy
AU - Filho, Victor Wünsch
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - Increasing incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) in young adults has been reported. We aimed to compare the role of major risk factors and family history of cancer in HNC in young adults and older patients.
METHODS:
We pooled data from 25 case-control studies and conducted separate analyses for adults ≤ 45 years old ('young adults', 2010 cases and 4042 controls) and >45 years old ('older adults', 17700 cases and 22 704 controls). Using logistic regression with studies treated as random effects, we estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS:
The young group of cases had a higher proportion of oral tongue cancer (16.0% in women; 11.0% in men) and unspecified oral cavity / oropharynx cancer (16.2%; 11.1%) and a lower proportion of larynx cancer (12.1%; 16.6%) than older adult cases. The proportions of never smokers or never drinkers among female cases were higher than among male cases in both age groups. Positive associations with HNC and duration or pack-years of smoking and drinking were similar across age groups. However, the attributable fractions (AFs) for smoking and drinking were lower in young when compared with older adults (AFs for smoking in young women, older women, young men and older men, respectively, = 19.9% (95% CI=9.8%, 27.9%), 48.9% (46.6%, 50.8%), 46.2% (38.5%, 52.5%), 64.3% (62.2%, 66.4%); AFs for drinking=5.3% (-11.2%, 18.0%), 20.0% (14.5%, 25.0%), 21.5% (5.0%, 34.9%) and 50.4% (46.1%, 54.3%). A family history of early-onset cancer was associated with HNC risk in the young [OR=2.27 (95% CI=1.26, 4.10)], but not in the older adults [OR=1.10 (0.91, 1.31)]. The attributable fraction for family history of early-onset cancer was 23.2% (8.60% to 31.4%) in young compared with 2.20% (-2.41%, 5.80%) in older adults.
CONCLUSIONS:
Differences in HNC aetiology according to age group may exist. The lower AF of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking in young adults may be due to the reduced length of exposure due to the lower age. Other characteristics, such as those that are inherited, may play a more important role in HNC in young adults compared with older adults.
AB - Increasing incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) in young adults has been reported. We aimed to compare the role of major risk factors and family history of cancer in HNC in young adults and older patients.
METHODS:
We pooled data from 25 case-control studies and conducted separate analyses for adults ≤ 45 years old ('young adults', 2010 cases and 4042 controls) and >45 years old ('older adults', 17700 cases and 22 704 controls). Using logistic regression with studies treated as random effects, we estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS:
The young group of cases had a higher proportion of oral tongue cancer (16.0% in women; 11.0% in men) and unspecified oral cavity / oropharynx cancer (16.2%; 11.1%) and a lower proportion of larynx cancer (12.1%; 16.6%) than older adult cases. The proportions of never smokers or never drinkers among female cases were higher than among male cases in both age groups. Positive associations with HNC and duration or pack-years of smoking and drinking were similar across age groups. However, the attributable fractions (AFs) for smoking and drinking were lower in young when compared with older adults (AFs for smoking in young women, older women, young men and older men, respectively, = 19.9% (95% CI=9.8%, 27.9%), 48.9% (46.6%, 50.8%), 46.2% (38.5%, 52.5%), 64.3% (62.2%, 66.4%); AFs for drinking=5.3% (-11.2%, 18.0%), 20.0% (14.5%, 25.0%), 21.5% (5.0%, 34.9%) and 50.4% (46.1%, 54.3%). A family history of early-onset cancer was associated with HNC risk in the young [OR=2.27 (95% CI=1.26, 4.10)], but not in the older adults [OR=1.10 (0.91, 1.31)]. The attributable fraction for family history of early-onset cancer was 23.2% (8.60% to 31.4%) in young compared with 2.20% (-2.41%, 5.80%) in older adults.
CONCLUSIONS:
Differences in HNC aetiology according to age group may exist. The lower AF of cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking in young adults may be due to the reduced length of exposure due to the lower age. Other characteristics, such as those that are inherited, may play a more important role in HNC in young adults compared with older adults.
KW - head and neck cancer
KW - prognostic factors
KW - head and neck cancer
KW - prognostic factors
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10807/66116
U2 - 10.1093/ije/dyu255
DO - 10.1093/ije/dyu255
M3 - Article
SN - 0300-5771
SP - 169
EP - 185
JO - International Journal of Epidemiology
JF - International Journal of Epidemiology
ER -
