TY - JOUR
T1 - Risk assessment and reduction options for Cryphonectria parasitica in the EU
AU - Jeger, Michael
AU - Bragard, Claude
AU - Chatzivassiliou, Elisavet
AU - Dehnen-Schmutz, Katharina
AU - Gilioli, Gianni
AU - Miret, Josep Anton Jaques
AU - Macleod, Alan
AU - Navarro, Maria Navajas
AU - Niere, Björn
AU - Parnell, Stephen
AU - Potting, Roel
AU - Rafoss, Trond
AU - Urek, Gregor
AU - Bruggen, Ariena Van
AU - Van Der Werf, Wopke
AU - West, Jonathan
AU - Winter, Stephan
AU - Maresi, Giorgio
AU - Prospero, Simone
AU - Vettraino, Anna Maria
AU - Vloutoglou, Irene
AU - Pautasso, Marco
AU - Rossi, Vittorio
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Plant Health (PLH) Panel performed a
risk assessment for Cryphonectria parasitica in the EU with the aim to assess the current EU
phytosanitary requirements and identify the risk reduction options (RROs), which would preserve the
protected zone (PZ) status in some parts of the EU, where the pathogen is not known to occur.
C. parasitica, a bark-inhabiting fungus causing blight of chestnut trees (Castanea spp.), has a wide
distribution in the EU (non-PZs). Three regulatory scenarios were considered for the whole risk
assessment (RA) area: the current situation in non-PZs (scenario A0), the situation in the EU without
measures (A1) and the current situation in PZs with additional RROs (A2). The Panel considered both
the risk of potential spread to PZs of C. parasitica strains currently present in the non-PZs and the risk
of introduction from Third Countries and spread in non-PZs of new, virulent strains that would be able
to jeopardise the currently effective hypovirulence and cause severe impact. The number of new
introductions of C. parasitica into the EU is reduced by approximately a factor 5,000 (median values) in
scenario A2 compared to scenario A0. Under the A0, A1 and A2 scenarios, 2, 3.5 and 0.5 (median
values) EU Member States, respectively, are expected to be affected in the next 10 years due to
spread of C. parasitica strains. The estimated relative impact on ecosystem services, due to the
introduction and spread in the EU of new, virulent strains, is higher for scenario A1 compared to
scenarios A0 and A2. The current EU requirements and the additional RROs considered in scenario A2
were assessed to be effective in reducing the risk of introduction and spread of C. parasitica, thus
preserving the PZ status in some parts of the EU.
AB - Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Plant Health (PLH) Panel performed a
risk assessment for Cryphonectria parasitica in the EU with the aim to assess the current EU
phytosanitary requirements and identify the risk reduction options (RROs), which would preserve the
protected zone (PZ) status in some parts of the EU, where the pathogen is not known to occur.
C. parasitica, a bark-inhabiting fungus causing blight of chestnut trees (Castanea spp.), has a wide
distribution in the EU (non-PZs). Three regulatory scenarios were considered for the whole risk
assessment (RA) area: the current situation in non-PZs (scenario A0), the situation in the EU without
measures (A1) and the current situation in PZs with additional RROs (A2). The Panel considered both
the risk of potential spread to PZs of C. parasitica strains currently present in the non-PZs and the risk
of introduction from Third Countries and spread in non-PZs of new, virulent strains that would be able
to jeopardise the currently effective hypovirulence and cause severe impact. The number of new
introductions of C. parasitica into the EU is reduced by approximately a factor 5,000 (median values) in
scenario A2 compared to scenario A0. Under the A0, A1 and A2 scenarios, 2, 3.5 and 0.5 (median
values) EU Member States, respectively, are expected to be affected in the next 10 years due to
spread of C. parasitica strains. The estimated relative impact on ecosystem services, due to the
introduction and spread in the EU of new, virulent strains, is higher for scenario A1 compared to
scenarios A0 and A2. The current EU requirements and the additional RROs considered in scenario A2
were assessed to be effective in reducing the risk of introduction and spread of C. parasitica, thus
preserving the PZ status in some parts of the EU.
KW - Castanea sativa
KW - chestnut blight
KW - forest pathology
KW - hypovirulence
KW - phytosanitary
KW - plants for planting
KW - wood trade
KW - Castanea sativa
KW - chestnut blight
KW - forest pathology
KW - hypovirulence
KW - phytosanitary
KW - plants for planting
KW - wood trade
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10807/93783
U2 - 10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4641
DO - 10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4641
M3 - Article
SN - 1831-4732
VL - 14
SP - 1
EP - 54
JO - EFSA Journal
JF - EFSA Journal
ER -