Rhodotorula infection in haematological patient: Risk factors and outcome

Leonardo Potenza, Maria N. Chitasombat, Nikolay Klimko, Francesca Bettelli, Giulia Dragonetti, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Marcio Nucci, Alessandro Busca, Nicola Fracchiolla, Mariarita Sciumè, Angelica Spolzino, Mario Delia, Valentina Mancini, Gian Paolo Nadali, Michela Dargenio, Olga Shadrivova, Federico Banchelli, Franco Aversa, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Mario LuppiDimitrios P. Kontoyiannis, Livio Pagano

Risultato della ricerca: Contributo in rivistaArticolo in rivista

7 Citazioni (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Rhodotorula spp are uncommon yeasts able to cause infections with high mortality rates. Rhodotorula infections have been associated with the presence of central venous catheter (CVC), immunosuppression, exposure to antifungals and the presence of either solid or haematologic malignancies. However, in this latter setting, only a few cases have so far been reported. Objectives: We have conducted a survey for Rhodotorula infections in haematologic patients. Methods: Patients’ clinical and microbiological data were collected and correlated to the outcome. Results: A total of 27 cases were detected from 13 tertiary care hospitals. About 78% and 89% of patients had acute leukaemia and CVC. About 70% of patients were exposed to prophylaxis with azoles, mainly posaconazole (37%), 59% were severely neutropenic and 37% underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). The most frequent treatments were liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB) and CVC removal in 17 and 16 patients, respectively. One month post-diagnosis, mortality was 26% and was associated with the presence of mucositis (P = 0.034). Conclusions: Our study shows that Rhodotorula spp should be considered as aetiologic agents of breakthrough infections in acute leukaemia patients with a CVC, mucositis, who receive prophylaxis with azoles, including posaconazole, and/or undergo alloSCT. Prompt measures, such as L-AmB administration and CVC removal, should be carried out to avoid the high mortality risk of Rhodotorula infections.
Lingua originaleEnglish
pagine (da-a)N/A-N/A
RivistaMycoses
DOI
Stato di pubblicazionePubblicato - 2018

Keywords

  • 2708
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Rhodotorula
  • haematologic cancer
  • infections
  • opportunistic
  • yeasts

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