Residual pituitary function after brain injury-induced hypopituitarism: a prospective 12-month study.

G Aimaretti, Ambrosio, C Di Somma, M Gasperi, S Cannavò, C Scaroni, Alessandra Fusco, P Del Monte, E De Menis, M Faustini Fustini, F Grimaldi, F Logoluso, P Razzore, S Rovere, S Benvenga, Ec Degli Uberti, Laura De Marinis Grasso, G Lombardi, F Mantero, E MartinoG Giordano, E. Ghigo

Risultato della ricerca: Contributo in rivistaArticolo in rivista

264 Citazioni (Scopus)

Abstract

CONTEXT: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are conditions at high risk for the development of hypopituitarism. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to clarify whether pituitary deficiencies and normal pituitary function recorded at 3 months would improve or worsen at 12 months after the brain injury. DESIGN AND PATIENTS: Pituitary function was tested at 3 and 12 months in patients who had TBI (n = 70) or SAH (n = 32). RESULTS: In TBI, the 3-month evaluation had shown hypopituitarism (H) in 32.8%. Panhypopituitarism (PH), multiple (MH), and isolated (IH) hypopituitarism had been demonstrated in 5.7, 5.7, and 21.4%, respectively. The retesting demonstrated some degree of H in 22.7%. PH, MH, and IH were present in 5.7, 4.2, and 12.8%, respectively. PH was always confirmed at 12 months, whereas MH and IH were confirmed in 25% only. In 5.5% of TBI with no deficit at 3 months, IH was recorded at retesting. In 13.3% of TBI with IH at 3 months, MH was demonstrated at 12-month retesting. In SAH, the 3-month evaluation had shown H in 46.8%. MH and IH had been demonstrated in 6.2 and 40.6%, respectively. The retesting demonstrated H in 37.5%. MH and IH were present in 6.2 and 31.3%, respectively. Although no MH was confirmed at 12 months, two patients with IH at 3 months showed MH at retesting; 30.7% of SAH with IH at 3 months displayed normal pituitary function at retesting. In SAH, normal pituitary function was always confirmed. In TBI and SAH, the most common deficit was always severe GH deficiency. CONCLUSION: There is high risk for H in TBI and SAH patients. Early diagnosis of PH is always confirmed in the long term. Pituitary function in brain-injured patients may improve over time but, although rarely, may also worsen. Thus, brain-injured patients must undergo neuroendocrine follow-up over time.
Lingua originaleEnglish
pagine (da-a)6085-6092
Numero di pagine8
RivistaTHE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
Stato di pubblicazionePubblicato - 2005

Keywords

  • brain
  • hypopituitarism
  • injury
  • pituitary

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