Relationship between appetite and symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients on chronic hemodialysis

OBJECTIVE:\r\nWe aimed at evaluating the association between appetite and symptoms of depression and anxiety, cognitive dysfunction, fatigue, and comorbidities in patients on hemodialysis (HD).\r\nDESIGN:\r\nA cross-sectional study was conducted.\r\nSETTING:\r\nThe study was conducted in an outpatient HD service of a tertiary level academic hospital.\r\nPATIENTS:\r\nA total of 90 patients on HD were evaluated for appetite (during the past week, how would you rate your appetite?), symptoms of depression (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]) and anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale [HARS]), cognitive dysfunction (Mini Mental State Examination [MMSE]), and comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index).\r\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:\r\nRelationship between appetite and symptoms of depression and/or anxiety, cognitive dysfunction, and comorbidities was assessed.\r\nRESULTS:\r\nIn 43 patients, the appetite was very good/good (group 1), in 22, it was fair (group 2), and in 25, it was poor/very poor (group 3). Mean and median BDI were significantly higher in group 3 as well as the percentage of patients with BDI ≥16. Mean and median HARS and the percentage of patients with HARS >13 were significantly higher in group 3. MMSE was significantly lower in group 3 as well as the percentage of patients with MMSE ≤23. Multiple linear regression analysis showed a dependence of appetite by age and BDI (P = .007 and P = .002, respectively).\r\nCONCLUSIONS:\r\nAnorexia is associated with older age and symptoms of depression in patients on HD.