Radiation effects on development

Marco De Santis, E Cesari, Elena Nobili, G Straface, Anna Franca Cavaliere, Alessandro Caruso

Risultato della ricerca: Contributo in rivistaArticolo in rivista

93 Citazioni (Scopus)

Abstract

It has been widely reported that prenatal exposure to ionizing radiation can interfere with embryonic and fetal development, depending on dose and gestational age in which exposure occurs. According to several studies on animal models, different well-defined stages during prenatal life can be distinguished in relation to teratogenic effects. During the preimplantation stage, elevated doses of radiation can result in abortion, while lower doses may produce genomic damage that is usually repaired. On the other hand, during the organogenesis stage in mice (embryonic day 6.5 [E6.5] to E13.5), irradiation is associated with increased incidence of malformation and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Later exposure is linked to brain damage. Doses used in animal studies are generally higher than those used for diagnostic procedures in humans. Usually, radiation exposure to diagnostic range (<0.05 Gy = 5 rads) is not associated with an increased risk of congenital anomalies. In human studies, elevated doses produce adverse outcomes, depending on stage of development, as in animal studies. Blastogenesis (up to two weeks) is associated with failure to implant or no significant health effects. An increased risk of malformation and growth retardation can be observed for two to seven weeks exposure (organogenesis stage), while exposure at later stages (fetogenesis) is mainly associated with brain damage. In this review we focus on the relevance of estimating the cumulative dose of radiation to the fetus and the gestational age in which exposure occurs, to provide appropriate counseling to pregnant women.
Lingua originaleEnglish
pagine (da-a)177-182
Numero di pagine6
RivistaBIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH. PART C: EMBRYO TODAY: REVIEWS
Volume81
DOI
Stato di pubblicazionePubblicato - 2007

Keywords

  • Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced
  • Abortion, Spontaneous
  • Animals
  • Central Nervous System
  • Child Development
  • Child, Preschool
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
  • Female
  • Fetus
  • Gestational Age
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Mice
  • Pregnancy
  • Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
  • Radiation Injuries
  • Radiation Injuries, Experimental

Fingerprint

Entra nei temi di ricerca di 'Radiation effects on development'. Insieme formano una fingerprint unica.

Cita questo