TY - JOUR
T1 - Molecular typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains: A fundamental tool for tuberculosis control and elimination
AU - Cannas, Angela
AU - Mazzarelli, Antonio
AU - Caro, Antonino Di
AU - Delogu, Giovanni
AU - Girardi, Enrico
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - Tuberculosis (TB) is still an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. An improvement of the strategies for disease control is necessary in both low- and high-incidence TB countries. Clinicians, epidemiologists, laboratory specialists, and public health players should work together in order to achieve a significant reduction in TB transmission and spread of drug-resistant strains. Effective TB surveillance relies on early diagnosis of new cases, appropriate therapy, and accurate detection of outbreaks in the community, in order to implement proper TB control strategies. To achieve this goal, information from classical and molecular epidemiology, together with patient clinical data need to be combined. In this review, we summarize the methodologies currently used in molecular epidemiology, namely molecular typing. We will discuss their efficiency to phylogenetically characterize Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, and their ability to provide information that can be useful for disease control. We will also introduce next generation sequencing as the methodology that potentially could provide in a short time both, detection of new outbreaks and identification of resistance patterns. This could envision a potential of next generation sequencing as an important tool for accurate patient management and disease control.
AB - Tuberculosis (TB) is still an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. An improvement of the strategies for disease control is necessary in both low- and high-incidence TB countries. Clinicians, epidemiologists, laboratory specialists, and public health players should work together in order to achieve a significant reduction in TB transmission and spread of drug-resistant strains. Effective TB surveillance relies on early diagnosis of new cases, appropriate therapy, and accurate detection of outbreaks in the community, in order to implement proper TB control strategies. To achieve this goal, information from classical and molecular epidemiology, together with patient clinical data need to be combined. In this review, we summarize the methodologies currently used in molecular epidemiology, namely molecular typing. We will discuss their efficiency to phylogenetically characterize Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, and their ability to provide information that can be useful for disease control. We will also introduce next generation sequencing as the methodology that potentially could provide in a short time both, detection of new outbreaks and identification of resistance patterns. This could envision a potential of next generation sequencing as an important tool for accurate patient management and disease control.
KW - Infectious Diseases
KW - Molecular typing
KW - Multidrug resistance
KW - Outbreak investigation
KW - Tuberculosis
KW - Whole genome sequencing
KW - Infectious Diseases
KW - Molecular typing
KW - Multidrug resistance
KW - Outbreak investigation
KW - Tuberculosis
KW - Whole genome sequencing
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10807/94563
UR - http://www.pagepress.org/journals/index.php/idr/article/download/6567/5997
U2 - 10.4081/idr.2016.6567
DO - 10.4081/idr.2016.6567
M3 - Article
SN - 2036-7430
VL - 8
SP - 38
EP - 42
JO - Infectious Disease Reports
JF - Infectious Disease Reports
ER -