Microvascular complications identify a specific coronary atherosclerotic phenotype in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Rocco Antonio Montone, Dario Pitocco, Riccardo Rinaldi, Marco Giuseppe Del Buono, Massimiliano Camilli, Alessandro Rizzi, Linda Tartaglione, Gaetano Emanuele Rizzo, Mauro Di Leo, Andrea Flex, Michele Russo, Giovanna Liuzzo, Riccardo C Bonadonna, Diego Ardissino, Filippo Crea, Giampaolo Niccoli

Risultato della ricerca: Contributo in rivistaArticolo in rivista

Abstract

Background Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are considered as a homogeneous cohort of patients. However, the specific role of diabetic microvascular complications (DMC), in determining the features of coronary plaques is poorly known. We investigated whether the presence of DMC may identify a different phenotype of patients associated to specific clinical, angiographic, optical coherence tomography (OCT) features and different prognosis. Methods We prospectively enrolled consecutive T2DM patients with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) at their first coronary event. Patients were stratified according to the presence or absence of DMC, including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic nephropathy. OCT assessment of the culprit vessel was performed in a subgroup of patients. The incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) was assessed at follow-up. Results We enrolled 320 T2DM patients (mean age 70.3 +/- 8.8 years; 234 [73.1%] men, 40% acute coronary syndrome, 60% chronic coronary syndrome). Patients with DMC (172 [53.75%]) presented a different clinical and biochemical profile and, of importance, a higher prevalence of multivessel CAD (109 [63.4%] vs. 68 [45.9%], p = 0.002). At OCT analysis, DMC was associated to a higher prevalence of large calcifications and healed plaques and to a lower prevalence of lipid plaques. Finally, MACEs rate was significantly higher (25 [14.5%] vs. 12 [8.1%], p = 0.007) in DMC patients, mainly driven by a higher rate of planned revascularizations, and DMC predicted the occurrence of MACEs (mean follow-up 33.4 +/- 15.6 months). Conclusions The presence of DMC identifies a distinct diabetic population with more severe CAD but with a more stable pattern of coronary atherosclerosis.
Lingua originaleEnglish
pagine (da-a)1-14
Numero di pagine14
RivistaCardiovascular Diabetology
Volume21
DOI
Stato di pubblicazionePubblicato - 2022

Keywords

  • Coronary artery disease
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Diabetic microvascular complications
  • Optical coherence tomography
  • Prognosis

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