La conoscenza oltre lo specialismo: desiderio di totalità e meraviglia nel dialogo transdisciplinare

This paper intends to address the problem of specialism in the contemporary culture, by highlighting the urgency of a cultural paradigm able to represent the complexity across the variety of disciplinary perspectives and their respective levels of reality. In this regard, we will firstly provide an historical-philosophical interpretation of the causes of specialism, by paying particular attention to the transition from ancient science to modern science. It will stand out that the claim of the experimental method’s primacy could be considered the origin of a separation between knowledge and human experience as a whole, that lost a unitary horizon of meaning and caused the fragmentation, the disorder and even the contrast among the different sciences. In order to overcome the aporias of specialism, this paper will finally try to configure the essential traits of a cognitive-existential attitude, from which a real transdisciplinary dialogue could arise.