Kant e Hegel sobre a função do Estado na promoção da Moralidade

The models provided by Kant and Hegel on the relationship between the individual and the State are often represented as radically different alternatives. Kant’s concept of Moralität is based on an individual who does not need a State, as an ethical totality, in order to determine himself. On the contrary, by the concept of Sittlichkeit, Hegel maintains that moral principles are not based on an unfathomable Factum, as the Kantian moral law, but should rather be considered, at least partially, as a social construct. However one shall note that Hegel’s criticism against Kant on this point answers a logical and systematic need, namely, to conceive the singularity within a whole, a need Kant himself was however very sensitive to. Thus, although their diverse approaches, they share a deep trust in the capacity of the human being of operating within an ethical whole without losing his individual and moral essence.