TY - JOUR
T1 - Interleukin and neurotrophin up-regulation correlates with severity of H1N1 infection in children: a case-control study.
AU - Chiaretti, Antonio
AU - Pulitano', Silvia Maria
AU - Conti, Giorgio
AU - Barone, Giovanni
AU - Buonsenso, Danilo
AU - Manni, Luigi
AU - Capozzi, Domenico
AU - Ria, Francesco
AU - Riccardi, Riccardo
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the correlation between cytokine and neurotrophin expression and clinical findings, disease severity, and outcome of children with H1N1 influenza infection.
METHODS:
A prospective observational clinical study was performed on 15 children with H1N1 infection, 15 controls with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), and 15 non-infected children. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and neurotrophic factor (nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and glial derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)) were measured using immunoenzymatic assays.
RESULTS:
Significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, BDNF, and NGF were detected in patients with H1N1 infection compared to LRTI controls, while there was no significant variation in GDNF in the two groups. IL-1β, IL-6, BDNF, and NGF levels were significantly higher in H1N1 patients with more severe clinical manifestations compared to H1N1 patients with mild clinical manifestations. Of note, IL-6 was significantly correlated with the severity of respiratory compromise and fever, while NGF up-regulation was associated with the duration of cough. No correlation was found between interleukin and neurotrophic factor expression and outcome.
CONCLUSIONS:
H1N1 infection induces an early and significant IL-1β, IL-6, BDNF, and NGF up-regulation. The over-expression of these molecular markers is likely to play a neuroimmunomodulatory role in H1N1 infection and may contribute to airway inflammation and bronchial hyper-reactivity in infected children.
Copyright © 2013 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS:
Brain derived neurotrophic factor, Glial derived neurotrophic factor, H1N1 influenza, Interleukins, Nerve growth factor
AB - Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the correlation between cytokine and neurotrophin expression and clinical findings, disease severity, and outcome of children with H1N1 influenza infection.
METHODS:
A prospective observational clinical study was performed on 15 children with H1N1 infection, 15 controls with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), and 15 non-infected children. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and neurotrophic factor (nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and glial derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)) were measured using immunoenzymatic assays.
RESULTS:
Significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, BDNF, and NGF were detected in patients with H1N1 infection compared to LRTI controls, while there was no significant variation in GDNF in the two groups. IL-1β, IL-6, BDNF, and NGF levels were significantly higher in H1N1 patients with more severe clinical manifestations compared to H1N1 patients with mild clinical manifestations. Of note, IL-6 was significantly correlated with the severity of respiratory compromise and fever, while NGF up-regulation was associated with the duration of cough. No correlation was found between interleukin and neurotrophic factor expression and outcome.
CONCLUSIONS:
H1N1 infection induces an early and significant IL-1β, IL-6, BDNF, and NGF up-regulation. The over-expression of these molecular markers is likely to play a neuroimmunomodulatory role in H1N1 infection and may contribute to airway inflammation and bronchial hyper-reactivity in infected children.
Copyright © 2013 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS:
Brain derived neurotrophic factor, Glial derived neurotrophic factor, H1N1 influenza, Interleukins, Nerve growth factor
KW - Interleukins
KW - Interleukins
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10807/49111
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijid.2013.07.006
DO - 10.1016/j.ijid.2013.07.006
M3 - Article
SN - 1201-9712
VL - 17
SP - e1186-e1193
JO - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - International Journal of Infectious Diseases
ER -