Integrase Inhibitors Use and Cytomegalovirus Infection Predict Immune Recovery in People Living With HIV Starting First-Line Therapy

Massimiliano Fabbiani, Alberto Borghetti, Nicola Squillace, Manuela Colafigli, Lucia Taramasso, Andrea Lombardi, Barbara Rossetti, Arturo Ciccullo, Elisa Colella, Chiara Picarelli, Marco Berruti, Alessandra Latini, Francesca Montagnani, Margherita Sambo, Antonio Di Biagio, Anna Di Biagio, Andrea Gori, Simona Di Giambenedetto, Alessandra Bandera

Risultato della ricerca: Contributo in rivistaArticolo in rivista

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We explored predictors of CD4/CD8 ratio improvement and optimal immunological recovery (OIR) after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in naive people living with HIV (PLWH). METHODS: Retrospective multicenter study including naive PLWH starting ART with 2 nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors + 1 integrase strand transfer inhibitor (InSTI) or non-NRTI or protease inhibitor (PI). PLWH were followed from the time of ART initiation (baseline) to the discontinuation of first-line regimen, virological failure, death, or loss to follow-up. Estimated incidence and predictors of time to CD4/CD8 ratio normalization (defined as ≥1) and OIR (defined as CD4/CD8 ratio ≥ 1 plus CD4 ≥ 500 cells/µL plus CD4% ≥ 30%) were explored by Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 1428 PLWH (77.8% males, median age 39 years, 55.1% with positive cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibodies, median HIV-RNA 4.80 log copies/mL, median CD4 323 cells/µL, median CD4/CD8 ratio 0.32) were included, of which 21.5% (n = 307), 44.5% (n = 636), and 34% (n = 485) treated with InSTI-, PI-, and NNRTI-based regimens, respectively. The estimated proportion of CD4/CD8 normalization and OIR at 36 months was 38.6% and 32.9%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that InSTI-based regimens had a higher probability of CD4/CD8 ratio normalization and OIR both in the total population (P < 0.001 versus PI) and in advanced naive PLWH (P ≤ 0.001 versus PI and NNRTI). Moreover, subjects with positive CMV serology showed a lower probability of CD4/CD8 ratio normalization and OIR (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: InSTI-based regimens showed a better immune recovery, suggesting that the type of first-line ART can influence immune reconstitution. PLWH with positive CMV serology showed an increased risk of suboptimal immune recovery.
Lingua originaleEnglish
pagine (da-a)119-127
Numero di pagine9
RivistaJournal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Volume86
DOI
Stato di pubblicazionePubblicato - 2021

Keywords

  • Adult
  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • CD4-CD8 Ratio
  • CMV
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections
  • Female
  • HIV Infections
  • HIV Protease Inhibitors
  • HIV-1
  • Humans
  • Integrase Inhibitors
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
  • immune reconstitution
  • integrase strand transfer inhibitors
  • nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
  • protease inhibitors

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