TY - JOUR
T1 - Inflammatory muscle involvement in systemic vasculitis: A systematic review
AU - Conticini, Edoardo
AU - D'Alessandro, Miriana
AU - Al Khayyat, Suhel Gabriele
AU - D'Alessandro, Roberto
AU - D'Ignazio, Emilio
AU - Pata, Anna Paola
AU - Vallifuoco, Giulia
AU - Falsetti, Paolo
AU - Baldi, Caterina
AU - Bardelli, Marco
AU - Gentileschi, Stefano
AU - Fabiani, Claudia
AU - Mazzei, Maria Antonietta
AU - Guarnieri, Andrea
AU - Bargagli, Elena
AU - Cantarini, Luca
AU - Frediani, Bruno
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Vasculitis are severe systemic autoimmune diseases which may involve different organs and systems. Conversely, muscles do not represent an organ commonly involved by systemic vasculitis and myositis is not include among any classification or diagnostic criterion of vasculitis. In this regard, we aimed to review the literature in order to report all the available evidence concerning the inflammatory involvement of muscle in patients affected by systemic vasculitis. We collected a total of 108 papers, for a sum of 395 patients affected by muscle vasculitis. Most of them suffered from medium and small vessels vasculitis (mainly polyarteritis nodosa and ANCA-associated vasculitis) or from vasculitis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. Conversely, muscle involvement in case of large vessel vasculitis occurred seldom, while only few papers reported such occurrence in Kawasaki or Behçet's disease. Histological findings may differ, but the most common ones displayed a necrotizing vasculitis of perimysium vessels, while granulomatous vasculitis was assessed only in case of ANCA-associated vasculitis patients. Creatine kinase were usually within normal range, seldom elevated, while imaging findings were generally undistinguishable from the ones found in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: magnetic resonance imaging displays signal hyperintensity in T2 and STIR scans, while few data exist for positron emission tomography. The presentation of the disease may be fearsome and severe, sometimes life-threatening, but an overall good response to conventional immunosuppressants and/or glucocorticoids has been reported.
AB - Vasculitis are severe systemic autoimmune diseases which may involve different organs and systems. Conversely, muscles do not represent an organ commonly involved by systemic vasculitis and myositis is not include among any classification or diagnostic criterion of vasculitis. In this regard, we aimed to review the literature in order to report all the available evidence concerning the inflammatory involvement of muscle in patients affected by systemic vasculitis. We collected a total of 108 papers, for a sum of 395 patients affected by muscle vasculitis. Most of them suffered from medium and small vessels vasculitis (mainly polyarteritis nodosa and ANCA-associated vasculitis) or from vasculitis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. Conversely, muscle involvement in case of large vessel vasculitis occurred seldom, while only few papers reported such occurrence in Kawasaki or Behçet's disease. Histological findings may differ, but the most common ones displayed a necrotizing vasculitis of perimysium vessels, while granulomatous vasculitis was assessed only in case of ANCA-associated vasculitis patients. Creatine kinase were usually within normal range, seldom elevated, while imaging findings were generally undistinguishable from the ones found in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: magnetic resonance imaging displays signal hyperintensity in T2 and STIR scans, while few data exist for positron emission tomography. The presentation of the disease may be fearsome and severe, sometimes life-threatening, but an overall good response to conventional immunosuppressants and/or glucocorticoids has been reported.
KW - Autoimmunity
KW - Inflammation
KW - Vasculitis
KW - Myopathy
KW - Myositis
KW - Muscle
KW - Autoimmunity
KW - Inflammation
KW - Vasculitis
KW - Myopathy
KW - Myositis
KW - Muscle
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10807/302091
U2 - 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.103029
DO - 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.103029
M3 - Article
SN - 1568-9972
VL - 21
SP - N/A-N/A
JO - Autoimmunity Reviews
JF - Autoimmunity Reviews
ER -