In vitro evaluation of the potential toxic effects of palladium nanoparticles on fibroblasts and lung epithelial cells

I. Iavicoli*, Ivo Iavicoli*, Marisa Farina, Luca Fontana, Donatella Lucchetti, Veruscka Leso, Caterina Fanali, Valerio Cufino, A. Boninsegna, K. Leopold, R. Schindl, D. Brucker, Alessandro Sgambato

*Autore corrispondente per questo lavoro

Risultato della ricerca: Contributo in rivistaArticolo in rivistapeer review

22 Citazioni (Scopus)

Abstract

Palladium nanoparticles have been increasingly used in catalytic processes, wastewater treatment, electronics, and biomedicine. However, recent evidence proved that these nanoparticles are able to induce adverse effects both in in vitro and in vivo models. Nevertheless, molecular mechanisms underlying the toxic effects are still poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential toxicological mechanisms of palladium nanoparticles assessing their effects on normal diploid rat fibroblast and lung carcinoma human epithelial cell lines. Several endpoints such as cell growth, cell cycle progression, DNA damage, induction of apoptosis, reactive oxygen species production and expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins were evaluated. Results showed that palladium nanoparticles inhibited cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner in both cell lines, although with a more evident action on fibroblasts. Interestingly, inhibition of cell growth was not associated with the induction of apoptosis. Cell cycle progression was arrested in the G0/G1 phase and DNA damage was evident in both cell lines even if only a slight increase in the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels was detected. These findings provide valuable insight into understanding the molecular mechanisms responsible of palladium nanoparticles toxicity whose identification is essential to define an adequate risk assessment process.
Lingua originaleEnglish
pagine (da-a)191-199
Numero di pagine9
RivistaToxicology in Vitro
Volume42
DOI
Stato di pubblicazionePubblicato - 2017

Keywords

  • Apoptosis
  • Cell cycle progression
  • Cell growth
  • DNA damage
  • Palladium nanoparticles
  • Reactive oxygen species production
  • Toxicology

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