Il "problema multiculturale" tra sociologia, filosofia e diritto: un approccio cognitivo

The “multicultural question” must be dealt with on two complementary levels: sociological and philosophical-juridical. On the sociological level, the question concerns the “identitarian” theme. The contemporary “identitarian” demands are collocated on a cultural background characterized by peculiar phenomena (deinstitutionalization, transition from «identity» to «membership», «resymbolization»). From here we have the complexity of some categories (from pluralism to interculturality) and theoretical horizons (for example the «culture» and the «collective rights»). On the philosophical-juridical level, it’s necessary to examine certain traditional juridical institutes (subjective right, State, democracy) and think of many theoretical figures again (for example “dialogue”). Privileging the nexus «identitarian sphere-objective profile», the multicultural question can be read as a «question of sense», placed between the universality of questions (of sense) and the legitimate historicity of possible answers.