Health education and fitness promotion in European schools: a narrative review

Health education and fitness promotion are crucial for encouraging physical activity among European school students, yielding lasting benefits for their physical and mental well-being. However, implementing effective programs faces challenges due to Europe's diverse cultural, social, and economic contexts. This study explores best practices and challenges in health education and fitness promotion in European schools. It aims to identify successful strategies, assess their impact, and address potential barriers. The review considers cultural and regional diversity and involved searching databases like MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC, and Google Scholar, resulting in 48 relevant articles. Findings show European schools actively implement health and fitness initiatives, often incorporating various physical activities into their curricula. Comprehensive approaches, including nutritional education and extracurricular activities, enhance student engagement. Challenges include limited funding, inadequate teacher training, and varying cultural attitudes toward physical activity. This study emphasizes the importance of holistic health education and fitness promotion in European schools. Success relies on evidence-based strategies, collaboration between policymakers and educators, and resource allocation. Prioritizing inclusivity and cultural sensitivity can enhance the effectiveness of these programs in promoting active lifestyles among European students.