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Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by Uncorrected Refractive Error: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020

  • Little J. -A.*
  • , N. G. Congdon
  • , S. Resnikoff
  • , T. Braithwaite
  • , J. Leasher
  • , K. Naidoo
  • , T. Fricke
  • , I. Tapply
  • , A. G. Fernandes
  • , M. V. Cicinelli
  • , A. Arrigo
  • , N. Leveziel
  • , H. R. Taylor
  • , T. Sedighi
  • , S. Flaxman
  • , M. B. Parodi
  • , M. M. Bikbov
  • , A. Bron
  • , Cheng C. -Y.
  • , Monte M. A. Del
  • J. R. Ehrlich, L. B. Ellwein, D. Friedman, J. M. Furtado, G. Gazzard, R. George, M. E. Hartnett, J. B. Jonas, R. Kahloun, J. H. Kempen, M. Khairallah, R. C. Khanna, J. E. Kim, V. C. Lansingh, V. Nangia, M. Nowak, K. Pesudovs, T. Peto, P. Ramulu, F. Topouzis, M. Tsilimbaris, Y. X. Wang, N. Wang, R. R. A. Bourne, Little J. -A.*, N. G. Congdon, S. Resnikoff, T. Braithwaite, J. L. Leasher, K. S. Naidoo, N. Tahhan, T. Fricke, A. G. Fernandes, M. V. Cicinelli, A. Arrigo, N. Leveziel, P. S. Briant, T. Vos, S. Flaxman, Y. H. Abate, Z. A. Dolatabadi, M. Abdelmasseh, M. Abdollahi, A. M. Abebe, O. Abiodun, R. G. Aboagye, W. A. Abrha, H. A. Ali, E. Abu-Gharbieh, S. Aburuz, T. G. G. Adal, L. H. Adamu, N. J. Adderley, I. Y. Addo, T. A. Adekiya, K. Adhikari, Q. E. S. Adnani, S. Afzal, S. Aghamiri, A. Agodi, W. Agyemang-Duah, B. O. Ahinkorah, A. Ahmad, H. Ahmadzadeh, A. Ahmed, H. Ahmed, F. Alahdab, M. Albashtawy, M. T. AlBataineh, T. Alemu, A. S. Alfaar, F. A. N. Alhalaiqa, R. K. Alhassan, A. Ali, S. S. S. Ali, L. Almidani, K. H. Alzoubi, S. Androudi, R. Anguita, A. Anil, A. E. Anyasodor, J. Arabloo, A. Y. Aravkin, D. Areda, A. A. Asgedom, M. Y. Ashemo, T. Ashraf, S. S. Athari, B. T. T. Atinafu, Atout M. M. Wahbi, A. Atreya, H. Ayatollahi, A. Y. Azzam, S. Bagherieh, R. Bai, A. A. Baig, F. Bailey, O. C. Baltatu, S. Barati, M. Barchitta, M. Bardhan, T. W. Barnighausen, A. Barrow, M. B. Parodi, N. S. Bayileyegn, A. Y. Berhie, A. Bhadra, A. S. S. Bhagavathula, P. Bhardwaj, S. Bhaskar, A. N. Bhat, G. K. Bhatti, M. Bikbov, M. G. Birck, Y. Bustanji, Z. A. Butt, F. L. C. dos Santos, V. L. A. Carneiro, M. Cenderadewi, G. S. Chanie, N. Cherbuin, Chu D. -T., K. Coberly, N. Cruz-Martins, O. Dadras, X. Dai, L. Dandona, R. Dandona, A. M. Dascalu, A. Dastiridou, T. A. Dejenie, D. Demeke, D. Dereje, N. Dervenis, V. G. C. Devanbu, D. Diaz, M. Diress, T. C. Do, T. H. P. Do, A. M. Dziedzic, H. A. Edinur, J. R. Ehrlich, M. Ekholuenetale, H. R. Elhabashy, M. Elhadi, M. H. Emamian, M. Emamverdi, A. Etemadimanesh, A. F. Fagbamigbe, H. Farrokhpour, A. Fatehizadeh, A. Feizkhah, L. F. Desideri, G. Fetensa, F. Fischer, A. Forouhari, J. M. Furtado, M. A. Gadanya, A. M. Gaidhane, A. P. Gandhi, T. G. Gebi, M. Gebrehiwot, G. G. Gebremeskel, Y. Y. Gela, B. G. Yazdi, K. G. Falavarjani, F. Ghassemi, S. Ghozy, A. Golchin, M. Golechha, P. Goleij, Guan S. -Y., S. Gupta, V. K. Gupta, R. Haddadi, T. G. Haile, B. R. Hammond, M. Harorani, A. I. Hasaballah, I. Hasan, H. Hasani, H. Hassanian-Moghaddam, G. Heidari, D. Z. Heyi, R. Holla, M. Hosseinzadeh, C. Hu, Huynh H. -H., Hwang B. -F., Ivo Iavicoli, I. M. Ilic, M. Immurana, S. M. S. Islam, L. Jacob, A. Jafarzadeh, M. Jakovljevic, M. D. Janodia, S. K. Jayapal, S. Jayaram, J. B. Jonas, N. Joseph, C. E. Joshua, S. Kamath, H. Kandel, I. M. Karaye, H. Kasraei, S. Kaup, H. Kaur, N. Kaur, G. A. Kayode, J. H. Kempen, Y. S. Khader, H. Khajuria, R. Khalilov, A. Khan, M. M. Khatatbeh, M. N. Khatib, B. G. Kibret, Y. J. Kim, A. Kisa, S. Kisa, S. Kosen, A. Koyanagi, K. Krishan, B. K. Bicer, N. Kumar, L. V. S. Kutikuppala, C. Lahariya, T. Laksono, D. K. Lal, V. C. Lansingh, M. Lee, S. W. Lee, Lee W. -C., S. S. Lim, X. Liu, S. B. Maharaj, A. Mahmoudi, K. Malhotra, A. A. Malik, I. Malik, T. H. Mallhi, V. Mansouri, R. R. Marzo, A. Maugeri, G. G. Meles, A. M. Mersha, T. Mestrovic, T. R. Miller, M. Mirzaei, A. Misganaw, S. Misra, P. Mithra, S. Mohammadi, A. Mohammadian-Hafshejani, M. Mohammadzadeh, H. Mojiri-forushani, A. H. Mokdad, H. Momeni-Moghaddam, F. Montazeri, M. Moradi, P. Mousavi, C. J. L. Murray, G. R. Naik, G. Naik, Z. S. Natto, M. Naveed, B. P. Nayak, H. Negash, S. A. Nejadghaderi, D. H. Nguyen, D. H. Nguyen, H. Q. Nguyen, P. T. Nguyen, V. T. Nguyen, R. K. Niazi, E. A. Noman, B. Oancea, O. C. Okonji, A. T. Olagunju, I. I. Olufadewa, O. E. Onwujekwe, A. O. Opejin, M. Ordak, U. L. Osuagwu, N. Otstavnov, M. O. Owolabi, J. R. Padubidri, S. Panda-Jonas, A. Pandey, S. Pardhan, A. Parsaei, J. Patel, S. Pawar, A. Perianayagam, N. Perumalsamy, K. Pesudovs, Petcu I. -R., H. T. Pham, M. Pourazizi, E. J. S. Prates, I. Qattea, P. R. Raghav, M. H. U. Rahman, M. Rahman, S. K. Ramasamy, P. Ramasubramani, Rashidi M. -M., E. M. M. Redwan, N. Rezaei, J. A. B. Rodriguez, Z. Saadatian, S. Sabour, B. Saddik, U. Saeed, S. Safi, A. Saghazadeh, F. S. Sharif-Askari, N. S. Sharif-Askari, A. Sahebkar, M. A. Sahraian, J. W. Sakshaug, M. A. Saleh, S. Samadzadeh, Y. L. Samodra, A. M. Samy, M. Saylan, S. Selvaraj, Y. Sethi, A. Seylani, M. J. Shahwan, M. A. Shaikh, M. A. Shamim, B. B. Shashamo, W. S. Shiferaw, M. Shigematsu, A. Shittu, P. Shobeiri, S. A. Shorofi, M. M. Sibhat, E. E. Siddig, J. C. Silva, J. A. Singh, P. Singh, H. Sotoudeh, R. A. R. C. Sousa, C. T. Sreeramareddy, M. Tabish, M. Taheri, Y. Tan, B. T. Taye, Temsah M. -H., J. H. V. Ticoalu, T. Tillawi, M. G. Tiruneh, A. Tsatsakis, G. M. Tsegay, M. K. Tsilimbaris, S. S. Ty, C. S. Ubah, M. Umair, S. V. Tahbaz, R. Valizadeh, M. Viskadourou, G. T. Wassie, N. D. Wickramasinghe, G. S. Wondimagegn, G. Yahya, L. Yang, Y. Yao, A. Yigit, Y. Yismaw, N. Yonemoto, Y. You, M. S. Zastrozhin, G. A. Zenebe, Zhang Z. -J., H. Zhao, M. Zielinska, M. Zoladl, J. D. Steinmetz, R. Bourne
*Autore corrispondente per questo lavoro
  • University of New South Wales
  • Sun Yat-Sen University
  • King's College London
  • Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS FT
  • London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
  • Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
  • Nova Southeastern University
  • University of KwaZulu-Natal
  • University of Melbourne
  • Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
  • Vita-Salute San Raffaele University
  • CHU de Poitiers
  • Université de Poitiers
  • Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale
  • Anglia Ruskin University
  • University of Oxford
  • Imperial College London
  • INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1231
  • Harvard University
  • Medical Research Foundation, Chennai
  • University of Monastir
  • University of Social Sciences Lodz
  • Queen's University Belfast
  • Johns Hopkins University
  • Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
  • University of Crete
  • Capital Medical University
  • University of Washington
  • Marshall University
  • Tehran University of Medical Sciences
  • Babcock University
  • University of Sharjah
  • University of Jordan
  • United Arab Emirates University
  • King Edward Memorial Hospital
  • Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
  • University of Catania
  • Queen's University Kingston
  • Shaqra University
  • University of Miami
  • University of Basel
  • University of Khartoum
  • COMSATS University Islamabad
  • Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN
  • Al al-Bayt University
  • Federal Ministry of Health, Ethiopia
  • Hawassa University
  • Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan
  • University of California at Los Angeles
  • University of Thessaly
  • University of Bern
  • All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar
  • All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur

Risultato della ricerca: Contributo in rivistaArticolopeer review

Abstract

Background: Uncorrected refractive error (URE) is a readily treatable cause of visual impairment (VI). This study provides updated estimates of global and regional vision loss due to URE, presenting temporal change for VISION 2020 Methods: Data from population-based eye disease surveys from 1980–2018 were collected. Hierarchical models estimated prevalence (95% uncertainty intervals [UI]) of blindness (presenting visual acuity (VA) < 3/60) and moderate-to-severe vision impairment (MSVI; 3/60 ≤ presenting VA < 6/18) caused by URE, stratified by age, sex, region, and year. Near VI prevalence from uncorrected presbyopia was defined as presenting near VA < N6/N8 at 40 cm when best-corrected distance (VA ≥ 6/12). Results: In 2020, 3.7 million people (95%UI 3.10–4.29) were blind and 157 million (140–176) had MSVI due to URE, a 21.8% increase in blindness and 72.0% increase in MSVI since 2000. Age-standardised prevalence of URE blindness and MSVI decreased by 30.5% (30.7–30.3) and 2.4% (2.6–2.2) respectively during this time. In 2020, South Asia GBD super-region had the highest 50+ years age-standardised URE blindness (0.33% (0.26–0.40%)) and MSVI (10.3% (8.82–12.10%)) rates. The age-standardized ratio of women to men for URE blindness was 1.05:1.00 in 2020 and 1.03:1.00 in 2000. An estimated 419 million (295–562) people 50+ had near VI from uncorrected presbyopia, a +75.3% (74.6–76.0) increase from 2000 Conclusions: The number of cases of VI from URE substantively grew, even as age-standardised prevalence fell, since 2000, with a continued disproportionate burden by region and sex. Global population ageing will increase this burden, highlighting urgent need for novel approaches to refractive service delivery.
Lingua originaleInglese
pagine (da-a)2083-2101
Numero di pagine19
RivistaEye
Volume38
Numero di pubblicazione11
DOI
Stato di pubblicazionePubblicato - 2024

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Oftalmologia
  • Sistemi Sensoriali

Keywords

  • blind

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