Genomic medicine and advances in vaccine technology and development in the developing and developed world

Vaccinations are one of the most effective public health measures available at present. Yet, a growing skepticism surrounding vaccinations is causing a lower vaccination rate than desirable. Furthermore, lack of vaccinations leads to a lack of infectious disease control and/or eradication. Vaccines must have low rates of side effects, have to be unexpensive, effective and widely disposable. The new technologies must be made available to quickly develop new vaccines for rapid spreading diseases. During the past decades, several ways have been used to inoculate vaccines: intramuscular, intranasal and oral. The skin too can represent a good site for vaccination, as reviewed in [3]. Moreover, a heavy progress has been made in vaccine development and technologies. In fact, vaccination strategies available at the moment are very different from the ones used in the past, both in terms of targets and techniques behind them.