TY - JOUR
T1 - Generation and Release of Mitochondrial-Derived Vesicles in Health, Aging and Disease
AU - Bossola, Maurizio
AU - Landi, Francesco
AU - Marzetti, Emanuele
AU - Calvani, Riccardo
AU - Bernabei, Roberto
AU - Guerra, Flora
AU - Bucci, Cecilia
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Mitochondria are intracellular organelles involved in a myriad of activities. To safeguard their vital functions, mitochondrial quality control (MQC) systems are in place to support organelle plasticity as well as physical and functional connections with other cellular compartments. In particular, mitochondrial interactions with the endosomal compartment support the shuttle of ions and metabolites across organelles, while those with lysosomes ensure the recycling of obsolete materials. The extrusion of mitochondrial components via the generation and release of mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs) has recently been described. MDV trafficking is now included among MQC pathways, possibly operating via mitochondrial-lysosomal contacts. Since mitochondrial dysfunction is acknowledged as a hallmark of aging and a major pathogenic factor of multiple age-associated conditions, the analysis of MDVs and, more generally, of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is recognized as a valuable research tool. The dissection of EV trafficking may help unravel new pathophysiological pathways of aging and diseases as well as novel biomarkers to be used in research and clinical settings. Here, we discuss (1) MQC pathways with a focus on mitophagy and MDV generation; (2) changes of MQC pathways during aging and their contribution to inflamm-aging and progeroid conditions; and (3) the relevance of MQC failure to several disorders, including neurodegenerative conditions (i.e., Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease) and cardiovascular disease.
AB - Mitochondria are intracellular organelles involved in a myriad of activities. To safeguard their vital functions, mitochondrial quality control (MQC) systems are in place to support organelle plasticity as well as physical and functional connections with other cellular compartments. In particular, mitochondrial interactions with the endosomal compartment support the shuttle of ions and metabolites across organelles, while those with lysosomes ensure the recycling of obsolete materials. The extrusion of mitochondrial components via the generation and release of mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs) has recently been described. MDV trafficking is now included among MQC pathways, possibly operating via mitochondrial-lysosomal contacts. Since mitochondrial dysfunction is acknowledged as a hallmark of aging and a major pathogenic factor of multiple age-associated conditions, the analysis of MDVs and, more generally, of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is recognized as a valuable research tool. The dissection of EV trafficking may help unravel new pathophysiological pathways of aging and diseases as well as novel biomarkers to be used in research and clinical settings. Here, we discuss (1) MQC pathways with a focus on mitophagy and MDV generation; (2) changes of MQC pathways during aging and their contribution to inflamm-aging and progeroid conditions; and (3) the relevance of MQC failure to several disorders, including neurodegenerative conditions (i.e., Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease) and cardiovascular disease.
KW - biomarkers
KW - exosomes
KW - extracellular vesicles
KW - geroprotective interventions
KW - mitochondrial damage
KW - mitochondrial dynamics
KW - mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs)
KW - mitochondrial-lysosomal axis
KW - mitophagy
KW - neurodegeneration
KW - biomarkers
KW - exosomes
KW - extracellular vesicles
KW - geroprotective interventions
KW - mitochondrial damage
KW - mitochondrial dynamics
KW - mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs)
KW - mitochondrial-lysosomal axis
KW - mitophagy
KW - neurodegeneration
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10807/176664
U2 - 10.3390/jcm9051440
DO - 10.3390/jcm9051440
M3 - Article
VL - 9
SP - 1
EP - 22
JO - Journal of Clinical Medicine
JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine
SN - 2077-0383
ER -