TY - JOUR
T1 - Focus on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-related Intestinal Inflammation: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutical Approach
AU - Del Gaudio, Angelo
AU - Di Vincenzo, Federica
AU - Petito, Valentina
AU - Giustiniani, Maria Cristina
AU - Gasbarrini, Antonio
AU - Scaldaferri, Franco
AU - Lopetuso, Loris Riccardo
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Recently, antitumor immunotherapies have witnessed a breakthrough with the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) including programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors. Unfortunately, the use of ICIs has also led to the advent of a novel class of adverse events that differ from those of classic chemotherapeutics and are more reminiscent of autoimmune diseases, the immune-related adverse events (IRAEs). Herein, we performed an insight of the main IRAEs associated with ICIs, focusing on gastroenterological IRAEs and specifically on checkpoint inhibitor colitis, which represents the most widely reported IRAE to date. We comprehensively dissected the current evidence regarding pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of ICIs-induced colitis, touching upon also on innovative therapies.Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-induced colitis is the most widely reported immune-related adverse event following the use of ICIs. In this review, we comprehensively discuss current evidence regarding pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of ICIs-induced colitis, including a focus on innovative therapies.Graphical Abstract
AB - Recently, antitumor immunotherapies have witnessed a breakthrough with the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) including programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors. Unfortunately, the use of ICIs has also led to the advent of a novel class of adverse events that differ from those of classic chemotherapeutics and are more reminiscent of autoimmune diseases, the immune-related adverse events (IRAEs). Herein, we performed an insight of the main IRAEs associated with ICIs, focusing on gastroenterological IRAEs and specifically on checkpoint inhibitor colitis, which represents the most widely reported IRAE to date. We comprehensively dissected the current evidence regarding pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of ICIs-induced colitis, touching upon also on innovative therapies.Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-induced colitis is the most widely reported immune-related adverse event following the use of ICIs. In this review, we comprehensively discuss current evidence regarding pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of ICIs-induced colitis, including a focus on innovative therapies.Graphical Abstract
KW - colitis
KW - gut microbiota
KW - immuno-related adverse effects
KW - immune system
KW - immune checkpoint inhibitors
KW - colitis
KW - gut microbiota
KW - immuno-related adverse effects
KW - immune system
KW - immune checkpoint inhibitors
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10807/292216
U2 - 10.1093/ibd/izad229
DO - 10.1093/ibd/izad229
M3 - Article
SN - 1536-4844
VL - 30
SP - N/A-N/A
JO - Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
JF - Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
ER -