5 Citazioni (Scopus)

Abstract

Venous thrombosis typically involves the lower extremities. Rarely, it can occur in cerebral, splanchnic, or renal veins, with a frightening clinical impact. Other rare manifestations are upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis, that can complicate with pulmonary embolism and post-thrombotic syndrome, and retinal vein occlusion, significantly affecting the quality of life. This review is focused on venous thromboses at unusual extra-abdominal sites. Local infections or cancer are frequent in cerebral sinus-venous thrombosis. Upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis is mostly due to catheters or effort-related factors. Common risk factors are inherited thrombophilia and oral contraceptive use. Acute treatment is based on heparin; in cerebral sinus-venous thrombosis, local or systemic fibrinolysis should be considered in case of clinical deterioration. Vitamin-K antagonists are recommended for 3-6 months; indefinite anticoagulation is suggested for recurrent thrombosis or unprovoked thrombosis and permanent risk factors. However, such recommendations mainly derive from observational studies; there are no data about long-term treatment of retinal vein occlusion. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Lingua originaleEnglish
pagine (da-a)265-274
Numero di pagine10
RivistaBAILLIERE'S BEST PRACTICE IN CLINICAL HAEMATOLOGY
Volume25
DOI
Stato di pubblicazionePubblicato - 2012

Keywords

  • THROMBOSES AT UNUSUAL SITES

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