Exploration of the mediating role of physicians’ managerial attitude in the relationship between their self-efficacy and workplace performance

Purpose Self-efficacy, or a person's belief in his/her ability to perform specific tasks, has been correlated with workplace performance and role adjustments. Despite its relevance, and numerous studies of it in the management literature, evidence regarding its function in professionals employed in hybrid roles, such as doctor-managers, is lacking. The aim of this study was to fill this gap by exploring the mediating effect of physicians' managerial attitude on the relationship between their self-efficacy and workplace performance. Design/methodology/approach Primary and secondary data from 126 doctor-managers were obtained from the Italian National Health Service. A structural equation modeling approach was used for analysis. Findings This study's results provide for the first time empirical evidence about a surprisingly little-analyzed topic: how physicians' managerial attitude mediates the relationship between their self-efficacy and workplace performance. The study offers important evidence both for scholars and organizations. Practical implications This study's results provide valuable input for the human resources management of hybrid roles in professional-based organizations, suggesting a systematic provision of feedback about doctor-managers' performance, the adoption of a competence approach for their recruitment, and a new design of doctor-managers' career paths. Originality/value The authors provide new evidence about the importance of managerial traits for accountable healthcare organizations, documenting that behavioral traits of physicians enrolled into managerial roles matter for healthcare organizations success.