Does restaging MRI radiomics analysis improve pathological complete response prediction in rectal cancer patients? A prognostic model development

Giuditta Chiloiro, Davide Cusumano, Paola De Franco, Jacopo Lenkowicz, Luca Boldrini, Davide Carano, Brunella Barbaro, Barbara Corvari, Nicola Dinapoli, Martina Giraffa, Elisa Meldolesi, Riccardo Manfredi, Vincenzo Valentini, Maria Antonietta Gambacorta

Risultato della ricerca: Contributo in rivistaArticolo in rivista

Abstract

Purpose: Our study investigated the contribution that the application of radiomics analysis on post-treatment magnetic resonance imaging can add to the assessments performed by an experienced disease-specific multidisciplinary tumor board (MTB) for the prediction of pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Materials and methods: This analysis included consecutively retrospective LARC patients who obtained a complete or near-complete response after nCRT and/or a pCR after surgery between January 2010 and September 2019. A three-step radiomics features selection was performed and three models were generated: a radiomics model (rRM), a multidisciplinary tumor board model (yMTB) and a combined model (CM). The predictive performance of models was quantified using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, evaluating the area under curve (AUC). Results: The analysis involved 144 LARC patients; a total of 232 radiomics features were extracted from the MR images acquired post-nCRT. The yMTB, rRM and CM predicted pCR with an AUC of 0.82, 0.73 and 0.84, respectively. ROC comparison was not significant (p = 0.6) between yMTB and CM. Conclusion: Radiomics analysis showed good performance in identifying complete responders, which increased when combined with standard clinical evaluation; this increase was not statistically significant but did improve the prediction of clinical response.
Lingua originaleEnglish
pagine (da-a)11-20
Numero di pagine10
RivistaLA RADIOLOGIA MEDICA
Volume127
DOI
Stato di pubblicazionePubblicato - 2022

Keywords

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Magnetic resonance imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multidisciplinary tumor board
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy
  • Neoadjuvant chemoradiation
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Radiomics
  • Rectal Neoplasms
  • Rectal cancer
  • Rectum
  • Response prediction
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome

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