TY - JOUR
T1 - DEFINE AND TACKLE HATE SPEECH: THE EXPERIENCE OF SOCIAL WORKERS IN ITALY
AU - De Leo, Amalia
AU - Russo, Emanuele
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Aim/purpose. The aim of this qualitative study is to explore social workers’ representations of hate speech (HS), the effects it has on the community, and socio-educational actions aimed at combating it.
Background. Hate speech is any form of communication that promotes discrimination, hostility, or violence towards individuals or groups based on their identity. Although its spread is facilitated by particular characteristics of the online environment (such as anonymity and ubiquity), HS has pervasive consequences even in offline reality. In the last year, several community-based projects involving social workers have been implemented to address the problem. Professionals who work with the community play a crucial strategic role in the fight against HS. Therefore, it is imperative to begin by considering their perspective to gain a better understanding of HS and how it can be controlled.
Methodology. Following a psycho-sociological perspective, six focus groups were conducted with 42 social workers (19 females and 23 males) belonging to associations or organizations of a different nature, such as NGOs, local social promotion organizations, universities, private social organizations, whose mission included the theme of countering hate speech. Contribution. There are no studies in the literature that consider the views of operators working to counter hate speech within communities. Our study contributes to deepening the knowledge of the phenomenon and identifying the most suitable strategies to combat it, starting from an approach that does not only focus on the online or offline dimension but on an integrated “onlife” approach. The study offers an outline of how hate speech affects the daily lives of the communities in the cities of Torino, Palermo, and Ancona. Additionally, it proposes a grassroots strategy to address hate speech.
Findings.The results suggest that strategies effective in countering hate speech in offline contexts may not be effective in online environments. The technological revolution brought about by social media has significantly expanded the potential audience while weakening traditional communities. Addressing hate speech in the present context requires efforts to rebuild fragmented communities, gaining a thorough understanding of how the new virtual public space operates, and prioritizing hate speech as a specific concern only after these initial steps.
Recommendations for Practitioners. The study identifies a complex issue with hate speech that lacks a clear approach or shared interpretation. Social media’s unique algorithmic structure makes it difficult to find effective solutions that worked in offline contexts. Counteracting hate speech requires systemic strategies, involving both online and offline concerted actions, recognizing the social network as a key component. This requires practitioners, organizations, and institutions to collaborate and share expertise for successful interventions.
Recommendations for Researchers. Hate speech represents a violation of human rights and a threat to freedom of expression. The spread of hateful messages has a significant impact on society, as it can negatively influence social cohesion, diversity, and inclusion. Understanding the causes and consequences of hate speech can help develop effective strategies to prevent and counter it, which is a crucial challenge for both research and society as a whole. Studying hate speech should involve the use of interdisciplinary methodologies.
Impact on Society. The study contributes to increasing the knowledge of the need to adopt an integrated approach to counter hate speech at the community level. Unlike other European countries, Italy appears to be less equipped to effectively understand the phenomenon and coordinate a response, starting from the absence of a national institute to track hate speech-related phenomena. Future Research. Future research should foc
AB - Aim/purpose. The aim of this qualitative study is to explore social workers’ representations of hate speech (HS), the effects it has on the community, and socio-educational actions aimed at combating it.
Background. Hate speech is any form of communication that promotes discrimination, hostility, or violence towards individuals or groups based on their identity. Although its spread is facilitated by particular characteristics of the online environment (such as anonymity and ubiquity), HS has pervasive consequences even in offline reality. In the last year, several community-based projects involving social workers have been implemented to address the problem. Professionals who work with the community play a crucial strategic role in the fight against HS. Therefore, it is imperative to begin by considering their perspective to gain a better understanding of HS and how it can be controlled.
Methodology. Following a psycho-sociological perspective, six focus groups were conducted with 42 social workers (19 females and 23 males) belonging to associations or organizations of a different nature, such as NGOs, local social promotion organizations, universities, private social organizations, whose mission included the theme of countering hate speech. Contribution. There are no studies in the literature that consider the views of operators working to counter hate speech within communities. Our study contributes to deepening the knowledge of the phenomenon and identifying the most suitable strategies to combat it, starting from an approach that does not only focus on the online or offline dimension but on an integrated “onlife” approach. The study offers an outline of how hate speech affects the daily lives of the communities in the cities of Torino, Palermo, and Ancona. Additionally, it proposes a grassroots strategy to address hate speech.
Findings.The results suggest that strategies effective in countering hate speech in offline contexts may not be effective in online environments. The technological revolution brought about by social media has significantly expanded the potential audience while weakening traditional communities. Addressing hate speech in the present context requires efforts to rebuild fragmented communities, gaining a thorough understanding of how the new virtual public space operates, and prioritizing hate speech as a specific concern only after these initial steps.
Recommendations for Practitioners. The study identifies a complex issue with hate speech that lacks a clear approach or shared interpretation. Social media’s unique algorithmic structure makes it difficult to find effective solutions that worked in offline contexts. Counteracting hate speech requires systemic strategies, involving both online and offline concerted actions, recognizing the social network as a key component. This requires practitioners, organizations, and institutions to collaborate and share expertise for successful interventions.
Recommendations for Researchers. Hate speech represents a violation of human rights and a threat to freedom of expression. The spread of hateful messages has a significant impact on society, as it can negatively influence social cohesion, diversity, and inclusion. Understanding the causes and consequences of hate speech can help develop effective strategies to prevent and counter it, which is a crucial challenge for both research and society as a whole. Studying hate speech should involve the use of interdisciplinary methodologies.
Impact on Society. The study contributes to increasing the knowledge of the need to adopt an integrated approach to counter hate speech at the community level. Unlike other European countries, Italy appears to be less equipped to effectively understand the phenomenon and coordinate a response, starting from the absence of a national institute to track hate speech-related phenomena. Future Research. Future research should foc
KW - activism
KW - community
KW - educational strategies
KW - hate speech
KW - online hating
KW - social media
KW - social workers
KW - activism
KW - community
KW - educational strategies
KW - hate speech
KW - online hating
KW - social media
KW - social workers
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10807/274563
UR - https://www.inform.nu/articles/vol26/infosciv26p115-134deleo9160.pdf
U2 - 10.28945/5120
DO - 10.28945/5120
M3 - Article
SN - 1521-4672
SP - 115
EP - 134
JO - Informing Science
JF - Informing Science
ER -