Compartmentalization of the redox environment in PC-12 neuronal cells

Neuronal redox phenomena are involved in numerous biochemical pathways and play a key role in many pathological events and clinical situations. The oxida- tion/reduction (redox) state present in biological compartments is a major target for possible pharmaceutical intervention and, consequently, the processes associated with its change have attracted increased attention in recent years. Here we analyze the redox environment and its spatial compartmentalization in differentiated neuronal phenotype of PC−12 cells using a redox-sensitive protein (i.e. a mutant of the Yellow Fluorescent protein (rxYFP)), employed ratiometrically. Redox maps of cells were generated with an elevate spatial resolution, and the spatial distributions of highly oxidized and highly reduced regions have been determined. A quantitative analysis of redox maps allows to disclose a peculiar spatial organization of the redox environment.