B cell response induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection is boosted by the BNT162b2 vaccine in primary antibody deficiencies

Federica Pulvirenti, Ane Fernandez Salinas, Cinzia Milito, Sara Terreri, Eva Piano Mortari, Concetta Quintarelli, Stefano Di Cecca, Gianluca Lagnese, Alessandra Punziano, Marika Guercio, Livia Bonanni, Stefania Auria, Francesca Villani, Christian Albano, Franco Locatelli, Giuseppe Spadaro, Rita Carsetti, Isabella Quinti

Risultato della ricerca: Contributo in rivistaArticolo in rivista

Abstract

Background: Patients with primary antibody deficiencies are at risk in the current COVID-19 pandemic due to their impaired response to infection and vaccination. Specifically, patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) generated poor spike-specific antibody and T cell responses after immunization. Methods: Thirty-four CVID convalescent patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection, 38 CVID patients immunized with two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, and 20 SARS-CoV-2 CVID convalescents later and immunized with BNT162b2 were analyzed for the anti-spike IgG production and the generation of spike-specific memory B cells and T cells. Results: Spike-specific IgG was induced more frequently after infection than after vaccination (82% vs. 34%). The antibody response was boosted in convalescents by vaccination. Although immunized patients generated atypical memory B cells possibly by extra-follicular or incomplete germinal center reactions, convalescents responded to infection by generating spike-specific memory B cells that were improved by the subsequent immunization. Poor spike-specific T cell responses were measured independently from the immunological challenge. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection primed a more efficient classical memory B cell response, whereas the BNT162b2 vaccine induced non-canonical B cell responses in CVID. Natural infection responses were boosted by subsequent immunization, suggesting the possibility to further stimulate the immune response by additional vaccine doses in CVID.
Lingua originaleEnglish
pagine (da-a)1-15
Numero di pagine15
RivistaCells
Volume10
DOI
Stato di pubblicazionePubblicato - 2021

Keywords

  • Antibody response
  • BNT162b2
  • Common variable immunodeficiencies
  • COVID-1
  • Vaccine
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Spike protein
  • Third dose
  • Memory B cells

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