Antimicrobial Resistance in Common Respiratory Pathogens of Chronic Bronchiectasis Patients: A Literature Review

Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis is a chronic disorder in which immune system dysregulation\r\nand impaired airway clearance cause mucus accumulation and consequent increased susceptibility to\r\nlung infections. The presence of pathogens in the lower respiratory tract causes a vicious circle resulting\r\nin impaired mucociliary function, bronchial inflammation, and progressive lung injury. In current\r\nguidelines, antibiotic therapy has a key role in bronchiectasis management to treat acute exacerbations\r\nand chronic infection and to eradicate bacterial colonization. Contrastingly, antimicrobial resistance,\r\nwith the risk of multidrug-resistant pathogen development, causes nowadays great concern. The aim of\r\nthis literature review was to assess the role of antibiotic therapy in bronchiectasis patient management\r\nand possible concerns regarding antimicrobial resistance based on current evidence. The authors of this\r\nreview stress the need to expand research regarding bronchiectasis with the aim to assess measures to\r\nreduce the rate of antimicrobial resistance worldwide.