TY - JOUR
T1 - Antibiotics as deep modulators of gut microbiota: Between good and evil
AU - Ianiro, Gianluca
AU - Tilg, Herbert
AU - Gasbarrini, Antonio
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - The recent increase in our knowledge of human gut microbiota has changed our view on antibiotics. Antibiotics are, indeed, no longer considered only beneficial, but also potentially harmful drugs, as their abuse appears to play a role in the pathogenesis of several disorders associated with microbiota impairment (eg, Clostridium difficile infection or metabolic disorders). Both drug-related factors (such as antibiotic class, timing of exposure or route of administration) and host-related factors appear to influence the alterations of human gut microbiota produced by antibiotics. Nevertheless, antibiotics are nowadays considered a reliable therapy for some non-communicable disorders, including IBS or hepatic encephalopathy. Moreover, some antibiotics can also act positively on gut microbiota, providing a so-called 'eubiotic' effect, by increasing abundance of beneficial bacteria. Therefore, antibiotics appear to change, for better or worse, the nature of several disorders, including IBS, IBD, metabolic disorders or liver disease. This reviews aims to address the potential of antibiotics in the development of major non-communicable disorders associated with the alteration of gut microbiota and on newly discovered therapeutic avenues of antibiotics beyond the cure of infectious diseases.
AB - The recent increase in our knowledge of human gut microbiota has changed our view on antibiotics. Antibiotics are, indeed, no longer considered only beneficial, but also potentially harmful drugs, as their abuse appears to play a role in the pathogenesis of several disorders associated with microbiota impairment (eg, Clostridium difficile infection or metabolic disorders). Both drug-related factors (such as antibiotic class, timing of exposure or route of administration) and host-related factors appear to influence the alterations of human gut microbiota produced by antibiotics. Nevertheless, antibiotics are nowadays considered a reliable therapy for some non-communicable disorders, including IBS or hepatic encephalopathy. Moreover, some antibiotics can also act positively on gut microbiota, providing a so-called 'eubiotic' effect, by increasing abundance of beneficial bacteria. Therefore, antibiotics appear to change, for better or worse, the nature of several disorders, including IBS, IBD, metabolic disorders or liver disease. This reviews aims to address the potential of antibiotics in the development of major non-communicable disorders associated with the alteration of gut microbiota and on newly discovered therapeutic avenues of antibiotics beyond the cure of infectious diseases.
KW - ANTIBIOTICS
KW - Gastroenterology
KW - INTESTINAL BACTERIA
KW - INTESTINAL MICROBIOLOGY
KW - OBESITY
KW - ANTIBIOTICS
KW - Gastroenterology
KW - INTESTINAL BACTERIA
KW - INTESTINAL MICROBIOLOGY
KW - OBESITY
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10807/93884
UR - http://gut.bmj.com/content/by/year
U2 - 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312297
DO - 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312297
M3 - Article
VL - 65
SP - 1906
EP - 1915
JO - Gut
JF - Gut
SN - 0017-5749
ER -