Virtual body and emotions: A pilot study on the use of virtual reality for the management of unpleasant sensations after cancer

Background: Women who receive a breast cancer diagnosis often have to cope with physical and psychological issues, even some years after diagnosis and treatments. Physical changes and negative inner sensations damage body image, leading to reduced contact with the body and social relationships due to shame and increased fear of cancer recurrence. Several psychological interventions have been conducted to manage psycho-emotional issues involving bodily sensations and emotions. Aims: This study aimed to propose a virtual reality (VR) intervention to improve awareness and management of bodily sensations. Materials and Methods: Thirteen women participated in a study design in which they were guided to focus their attention on three different parts of their body (i.e. arms, chest and legs) in a randomised way. Participants followed a light as a virtual visual stimulation and heard the researcher's voice. Results: Findings showed that physical discomfort and negative emotions related to the body significantly decreased after the VR intervention. Additionally, the present VR intervention decreased anxiety. Accordingly, women qualitatively stated being satisfied with the intervention, considering VR as a helpful tool to be more focused on their inner sensations and decrease discomfort. Discussion: In conclusion, VR may be implemented to promote bodily awareness in women with a breast cancer diagnosis, improving bodily awareness and the management of negative emotions. Conclusion: Directions for future research and clinical implications are given.