Una via europea, e semantica, alla sintassi

[Autom. eng. transl.] There is a common belief on the "lack of knowledge" of syntax in structuralism, particularly European, and more widely in European models of linguistic theory which deserves to be examined for its reliability. Between the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, especially in the German-speaking environment, syntax was in fact long scrutinized or seen as crucial, starting from multiple disciplinary fields, often unrelated to each other and well beyond incipient structuralism: from psychology , from logic, from philosophy, from grammar, among many distinctions and a strong commitment to categorization. If the objective in Bühler is the monitoring of thought in its birth, among the Prague people the intent is to closely observe (model of the code) the different resources offered by different languages ​​for the unequivocal and as free as possible organization of the expression, as well as monitoring (communication model) the completed outcome of the alternation of thoughts in the dialogic exchange. We are therefore left to narrate a progression of investigations cultivated in multiple locations, but certainly often set between Vienna (Miklosich, Brentano, Bühler) and Prague (Marty, Zubaty, Mathesius, Funke, Carnap). One could almost illustrate, also with regard to syntax, its semiosis now properly symbolic of relations in re, now more unilaterally symptomatic, expressive of the Erlebnis of the speakers - the erlebte Rededi literary memory, for example - now more intentionally appellative, almost index finger pointed at the interlocutor. So, yes, a semiotics of syntax, including – obviously – a semantics of syntax itself, which does not theorize either its extraneousness to language or its autonomy from languages