Tra formazione e lavoro. Giovani stranieri e buone pratiche nella formazione professionale regionale

[Autom. eng. transl.] The research represents a continuation of the previous phases of investigation on the training paths of young foreigners (14-19 years) in the situation of right and duty of education and training (Reports 2005 and 2006). The purpose of this study is, on the one hand, to study educational institutions, to identify strategies and good practices in the reception, support and support of foreign users and to understand the attitudes and behavior of vocational training operators towards foreign students; on the other, to investigate the characteristics of the presence of foreign users in vocational training in Lombardy, reconstructing their career paths and opportunities. We want to understand if the foreign variable has visibility within the Lombard IFP system, and how it is interpreted: if as an additional cost, or vice versa, as a new opportunity. From the analysis of flow data, the execution of 2 case studies, one in Milan (CFP Enaip of v. Giacinti) and one in Brescia (CFP Zanardelli of via Gamba), and thirty qualitative interviews with foreign young people placed at work after having attended FP courses, a scenario that is far from alarming emerges. Access to vocational training for these users is open and widely used not only as an alternative to educational paths, but also as a first training step which is a prelude to a continuation in education and university. Even the indicators of training and employment success are completely positive for this type of user, who does not delay on average to qualify and find outlets in the area. However, with the exponential increase of foreign students, new problems are emerging: the orientation (which often turns into a forced channeling of strangers towards the FP), the linguistic problems in the insertion phase and the impossibility of inserting adf hoc literacy activities, the scholasticisation of the paths of the Fp after the reform of the DDIF that brings the foreigners more at a disadvantage of supplying more substantial curricula on a cultural level, the relationship with families, often made difficult by the lack of knowledge of Italian, but sometimes also by a overload of the parents themselves from the point of view of work commitments, the measures to be implemented to tackle the tendential increase in discriminatory attitudes and behaviors, the need for operators to reflect more on strategies to improve intercultural relations in the classroom and in the workplace , as well as the rethinking of the ofrmativ modules i to meet diversified time and cultural needs. From the analysis of the interview materials and the numerous information gathered, it is striking the ability of governance by the managers and operators of the FP, that is the ability to stay inside the transformation process in an active and conscious way, activating resources and bonds and putting in the field of innovation strategies. In fact, the foreign audience appears with its visibility made invisible both by the basic approach of this training context, which provides a detailed and even individualized care to each student, and by the lack of measures aimed at foreigners. However, invisibility does not mean neglect or lack of sensitivity to the multicultural reality of the classes, rather the operators show a commitment to relocate the foreign question within a daily normality, made up of continuous situations to be faced, sometimes with problems very similar to those highlighted by the Italian comrades.