The shifting landscape of kinesiology in Italy: A call for epistemological re-evaluation and curricular reform

The paper examines the challenges hindering the development and professionalization of kinesiology (Sport and Exercise Sciences) in Italy, focusing on legislative inconsistencies, curricular variability, and a biomedical research bias. Through mixed-methods analysis of legislative documents, academic curricula, and research outputs, the study analyse significant disparities in ECTS credit distribution across Italian degree programs (L-22, LM-67, LM-68), leading to fragmented graduate competencies. Additionally, a dominant focus on biomedical research neglects critical areas like motor control, sport pedagogy, and inclusive exercise design, limiting interdisciplinary engagement. Comparative analysis highlights misalignment with international standards in education and research. The paper advocates for curricular standardization, broader epistemological integration of social and behavioural sciences, and structural reforms to foster interdisciplinary collaboration. By aligning with global frameworks and addressing institutional fragmentation, Italy can enhance kinesiology’s role in public health, athletic performance, and equitable access to physical activity.