The Beginning of the Universe and the Elementary Particle Physics: Challenges toward the Foundations

The aim of this paper is to touch the “state of the Art” of both the Theories concerning the very beginning of the Universe and those related to the fundamental constituents of the Universe itself. We speak with wonder of “Art” because the Universe seems to have an “artistical” evidence of an ordered and mysterious intelligibility, offered to our knowledge and experience with a surprising gratuity, opening to a confident and humble but also enthusiastic research.