Successful Therapy of Esophageal Fistulas by Endoscopic Injection of Emulsified Adipose Tissue Stromal Vascular Fraction.

Esophageal fistula is a life-threatening condition caused by several types of injuries (iatrogenic, traumatic, postoperative, and Boerhaave syndrome), requiring complex and multidisciplinary management. To date, no clear guidelines have been drawn up for the treatment, which may include a conservative, minimally invasive, or major surgical approach (ie, esophagectomy), depending on the patient’s specific clinical characteristics. The mortality rate exceeds 50%, particularly in the case of a delayed diagnosis.1