Stress post-traumatico in bambini e adolescenti malati e vittime di incidenti: fattori di rischio e di protezione. Bibliografia Ragionata

[Autom. eng. transl.] The paper offers a summary of the main empirical results relating to the protection and risk factors connected with post-traumatic symptomatology in children and adolescents suffering from cancer or accident victims, the two most investigated categories in the literature. Using the different individual, relational / social and environmental levels to which the risk and protection factors are placed as a systematization criterion, the works that, in the onset and evolution of PTSD, analyze the role of: 1. problems behavioral behavior prior to the traumatic event, subjective event processing mode, physiological activation levels (heart rate and cortisol) and acute stress symptoms [individual factors]; 2. presence of post-traumatic symptoms in parents, quality of family functioning and social support [relational and social factors]; 3. presence of antecedents and recurrent stressful and / or traumatic life events [environmental factors]. Finally, a summary of the studies related to some socio-demographic variables [4] generally identified as possible additional risk factors and protection in the onset and persistence of post-traumatic symptoms will be proposed.