TY - JOUR
T1 - Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Lung Diseases: What Role Do Radiologists Play?
AU - Valentini, Adele
AU - Franchi, Paola
AU - Cicchetti, Giuseppe
AU - Messana, Gaia
AU - Chiffi, Greta
AU - Strappa, Cecilia
AU - Calandriello, Lucio
AU - Del Ciello, Annemilia
AU - Farchione, Alessandra
AU - Preda, Lorenzo
AU - Larici, Anna Rita
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological disorder, defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) > 20 mmHg at rest, as assessed by right heart catheterization (RHC). PH is not a specific disease, as it may be observed in multiple clinical conditions and may complicate a variety of thoracic diseases. Conditions associated with the risk of developing PH are categorized into five different groups, according to similar clinical presentations, pathological findings, hemodynamic characteristics, and treatment strategy. Most chronic lung diseases that may be complicated by PH belong to group 3 (interstitial lung diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, combined pulmonary fibrosis, and emphysema) and are associated with the lowest overall survival among all groups. However, some of the chronic pulmonary diseases may develop PH with unclear/multifactorial mechanisms and are included in group 5 PH (sarcoidosis, pulmonary Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, and neurofibromatosis type 1). This paper focuses on PH associated with chronic lung diseases, in which radiological imaging-particularly computed tomography (CT)-plays a crucial role in diagnosis and classification. Radiologists should become familiar with the hemodynamical, physiological, and radiological aspects of PH and chronic lung diseases in patients at risk of developing PH, whose prognosis and treatment depend on the underlying disease.
AB - Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological disorder, defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) > 20 mmHg at rest, as assessed by right heart catheterization (RHC). PH is not a specific disease, as it may be observed in multiple clinical conditions and may complicate a variety of thoracic diseases. Conditions associated with the risk of developing PH are categorized into five different groups, according to similar clinical presentations, pathological findings, hemodynamic characteristics, and treatment strategy. Most chronic lung diseases that may be complicated by PH belong to group 3 (interstitial lung diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, combined pulmonary fibrosis, and emphysema) and are associated with the lowest overall survival among all groups. However, some of the chronic pulmonary diseases may develop PH with unclear/multifactorial mechanisms and are included in group 5 PH (sarcoidosis, pulmonary Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, and neurofibromatosis type 1). This paper focuses on PH associated with chronic lung diseases, in which radiological imaging-particularly computed tomography (CT)-plays a crucial role in diagnosis and classification. Radiologists should become familiar with the hemodynamical, physiological, and radiological aspects of PH and chronic lung diseases in patients at risk of developing PH, whose prognosis and treatment depend on the underlying disease.
KW - chronic lung diseases
KW - computed tomography
KW - imaging
KW - pulmonary hypertension
KW - chronic lung diseases
KW - computed tomography
KW - imaging
KW - pulmonary hypertension
UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10807/274440
U2 - 10.3390/diagnostics13091607
DO - 10.3390/diagnostics13091607
M3 - Article
SN - 2075-4418
VL - 13
SP - N/A-N/A
JO - Diagnostics
JF - Diagnostics
ER -