Patterns of Y-STR variation in Italy.

[Autom. eng. transl.] The 17 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) included in the AmpFlSTR Yfiler Amplification Kit (AB Applied Biosystems) (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385ab, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635 and GATA H4.1) were typed in 292 samples from seven Italian regions. Population comparisons with other European samples were undertaken; for this purpose, two databases were collated from the literature: (a) 19 population samples including> 2900 Yfiler profiles, and (b) 67 population samples including> 15,000 minimum haplotype profiles. A total of 276 different Yfiler haplotypes were observed in Italy, and only one of them was shared among our seven population samples. The overall haplotype diversity (0.9996) was comparable to other European samples. AMOVA indicates that among the population variations depends on the amount of Y-STRs used, being higher when using minimal haplotypes. This is probably the most important factor in raising the diversity values to the maximum theoretical value. AMOVA results seems to depend on more than 2.82% to 11.03% (using 15 and 32 Italian populations samples, respectively). Variance is not as strongly stratified geographically as Italy, although it is notorious that latitude is more important than longitude in the distribution of variance. The results also indicated that it is less stratified than other European samples. The present study contributes to the Y-chromosome databases regarding high-resolution