METABOLIC SYNDROME IN TRANSPLANT PATIENTS: AN UPDATING POINT OF VIEW

Metabolic Syndrome is a cluster of risk factors that predispose individuals to major cardiovascular diseases and its complications, determining liver and kidney impairment. In the last decade, the indications to transplantation are increasing, with a linear incidence of the complications of the procedure. Metabolic syndrome represents one of the most common, being in turn the consequence of the underlying disease that required the transplantation, or the result of the medical treatment, as well as one of the most important factor influencing the morbidity and mortality of the transplanted patients. Due to the growing incidence of the metabolic syndrome in these patients, it is crucial to focus and clarify the leading causes determining the onset of the metabolic disarrangement, its outcome and the hypothetical mechanism through which the clinicians could reduce the impact of the disease. In fact, prevention, early recognition and treatment of the factor that could predict the onset or progression of the metabolic syndrome after the transplantation may impact long term survival of patients again, the scope of the same transplant. This review will update the different mechanisms of the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome in this population, the clinical effects of the presence of the metabolic syndrome, observing the risk factors to be treated before and after the transplantation and suggesting the management of the follow-up.