Les débuts de la phonétique en Italie dans la première moitié du XX siècle: deux [faux] départs

[Autom. eng. transl.] The beginning of phonetics in Italy in the twentieth century is characterized by two enthusiastic departures followed by two tragic cuts at the time of the two world wars. The second cut also represents an epistemological break that has changed the topography and the stakes of phonetic research at the international level. In the framework of this article, I will first present the first promoters, coming from peripheral disciplinary horizons in relation to linguistics, then the personality and work of the monk Agostino Gemelli, founder of the Catholic University, a strong supporter of 'a plural phonetics and promoter of the first courses of experimental phonetics in Italian universities. The broad and multidisciplinary conception that he advocated anticipates disciplinary reorganizations and the status of phonetics within contemporary speech sciences.