Innovare «dal basso» le politiche attive tra formazione e lavoro: un’analisi delle esperienze italiane

[Autom. eng. transl.] The relationship between training and work is central to European strategy, but the current employment emergency requires a rethinking of policies. The analysis of the transitions has shown that the success of the worker does not depend only on the skills possessed but also on the ability to activate and combine identity and social resources at a time when careers become more fragmented and uncertain, with high risks of entrapment, over-education and over skilling. This has contributed to a growing assumption of responsibility for educational systems, enhancing the formal and informal dimension of learning processes. Despite the lack of punctual analyzes, the evaluation of recent active policies in the country, such as the NEET Project or Youth Guarantee, however confirms the top-down policy deficits and encourages the expansion of the innovation debate starting from alternative bottom-up experiences . The contribution identifies the traits of initiatives "from the bottom", critically reflecting on their characteristics of innovation and on the relationship between training and employability.