I Grandi Eventi Di Massa, Quali Il Giubileo O L’expo, E La Sanità Pubblica: Quali Criticità ?!

[Autom. eng. transl.] Introduction The organization of large international events (Olympic Games, Expo, Jubilee or Pilgrimage concerts) represent, for our country, a cultural, economic enrichment but also an important management and organizational challenge, in particular for Public Health and the "Urban Health". Different are the environmental, structural and plant matrices that could receive impact due to the increase in transport and, consequently, atmospheric pollution, or for the overcrowding of tourist-accommodation, museum, artistic and health-care facilities. The building guidelines and the specific hygienic-sanitary protocols concerning should be adequate and better specified in case of major events and the SItI Construction Group of Building Environment Hygiene (SITI-IAC) is working on it. Methods An extensive and systematic review of the main scientific literature databases (Medline, Scopus, etc.) and of the ISS, ISTAT, Min. Salute, Municipalities and Italian Regions, CDC, WHO and US-HHS Department websites was carried out. . Results The percentage increase in attendance leads to an increase in all communicable and non-communicable diseases. For example, in the last Jubilee of 2000 in Rome, 14,701,281 arrivals were counted, of which 10,436,505 foreigners, with an increase of 5.26%. An average increase of 25.2% of notified communicable pathologies and of more than 43.7% of non-communicable diseases (cerebro and cardiovascular, traumatology, etc.) was observed, as well as respiratory diseases: 34.9%, also probably due to an increase of PM10 pollution of 21.3%. Conclusions The medicine of big events needs a stewardship that is not only articulated on more institutional levels but also multidisciplinary, integrating competences that are not only within the health field, but also of building policy, aimed at limiting the specific risk per event.