«Firmiter credimus». Premesse teologiche e obiettivi polemici della costituzione I del Concilio Lateranense IV

[Autom. eng. transl.] The Firmiter constitution of the IV Lateran council, the first in the sequence, is also indicated by commentators as "symbolum a domino Innocentio papa iii published": in fact, the list of definitions is presented as a formula of profession of faith, and as such is often indicated. The very fact that the Council was called to approve a text of this kind indicates the reading that the curia was intended to give of it, thus re-establishing the broken line of the great assisi of the first millennium, "in the illusion of rediscovered unity" (Foreville). The text, which seems to be confirmed as the work of the same Pope, shows in many respects his debt to the production of schools - and of those in Paris in particular - of the previous century, but above all of the years close to the Lateran IV. The understanding itself of the meaning of the "symbols of the faith", but then above all the identification of doctrinal urgencies, and of the relative condemnations, highlight the tensions and urgencies highlighted by the magisters of those years. In all this, the constitution that opens the collections of texts of the Lateran IV shows the imprint of the one who appears in all respects as its author. Already a student in Paris, he had known the expositiones to the symbols of faith, and then and the summa against the heretics elaborated by the magistri, in the urgency of times considered stormy, but also in the scenario of a Church that wanted to be reunited, Innocent III he was able to compose "his" symbol