Fanfani e i rapporti italo-africani

The essay examines the relationship between Italy and Africa in the years 1958-1963, during which the Christian Democrat exponent Amintore Fanfani was appointed foreign minister. Coinciding with the acute phase of African decolonization, which culminates in 1960 (the year of Africa), the minister shows a new sensitivity towards the "post-colonial" world, reflected in the Afro-Asian movement of Bandung , which developed after 1955. Fanfani's vision expresses the belief that the independence of colonial countries is an irreversible process and that Italy must play an active role in contributing to the birth of a new international order founded on peace and not flattened on the bipolar contrast. This is how Italy - after an "anomalous" decolonization of its colonial possessions during the Second World War and the conclusion, in 1960, of the experience of the mandate in the former Italian Somalia -, "freer" than other European powers by colonial ties, experiences new roles and diversified interventions not only in the former colonies, but also in other areas of sub-Saharan Africa, such as the Algerian struggle for independence and the Congolese crisis of 1960-1961, laying the foundations for a cooperative perspective of the new Euro-African relations started with the 1957 Treaties of Rome.