Esthesioneuroblastoma in an HIV-1 Infected Patient: Case Report

Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is an uncommon malignant tumor derived from the specialized neuroepithelium of the upper nasal cavity. The largest case series and meta-analyses suggest the combination of surgery and radiotherapy as the gold standard treatment for ENB. However, an increasing number of case series have reported excellent survival and few complications with minimally invasive endoscopic resection (MIER) in conjunction with radiotherapy of EBN in early stages of the disease. In this case report, the authors describe the first case of ENB in a young adult man who was human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfected. The authors discuss all the aspects of this rare disease, focusing on treatment options and prognosis.